Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 18 4 2023 09 20 443 454 Binay Kayan Ocakoğlu Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey Helin Yılmaz Kafalı Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey Fevzi Ocakoğlu İstanbul Private French Lape Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey Burcu Kardaş Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Kocaeli, Turkey Ömer Kardaş Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Kocaeli, Turkey Adem Işık Van Regional Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey Gizdem Müjdecioğlu Antalya Medical Park Hospital, Antalya, Turkey Serap Akpınar Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey Sümeyra Kaplan Karakaya Ankara Research and Training Hospital Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ankara, Turkey Yeliz Balca Diyarbakır Child Diseases Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Diyarbakır, Turkey Çiğdem Yektaş Uskudar University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Istanbul, Turkey 2022 02 17 2022 12 19 Objective: This study aimed to explore the aspects of emotional dysregulation (ED) and childhood trauma (CT) which are associated with suicide ideation (SI) and suicidal behaviour (SB) severity in depressive female adolescents who previously attempted suicide. Method: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated SI and SB severity. The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) was administered to 80 depressive female patients who had suicide attempts within the last month. Current suicide ideation (C-SI) and total score (C-TS), lifetime- suicide ideation (L-SI), and total score (L-TS) were obtained with the C-SSRS. Patients were recruited from five different provinces in Turkey. Additionally, the patients completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The Pearson correlation test and a multiple linear regression analysis were used to determine variables predictive of suicide scores. Results: The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the BDI and DERS - total scores explained 35% (adjusted R) of the variance in C-SI ((F (2;67) = 19.61, P < 0.001). C-TS was explained by ‘BDI,’ ‘emotional neglect’ and ‘DERS impulse’ (38% (adjusted R) (F (3;66) = 15.15, P < 0.001). L-SI was only associated with DERS strategies (explains 13% (adjusted R) of the variance in L-SI (F (1;68) = 10.411, P = 0.02). Concerning the C-SSRS L-TS, the DERS impulse and CTQ total accounted for 24% (adjusted R) of the variance (F (2;67) = 10.620, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that adolescents who have experienced emotional neglect and depressive symptoms are more at risk for suicidal ideation and behaviour. In addition, depressed adolescents who show impulsive behaviours and restricted emotional strategies are also at risk. Identifying neglected depressed adolescents and teaching impulse control and effective emotional strategies is important for the prevention of suicidal behaviours and thoughts. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/3137