Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 21 1 2026 01 01 80 96 Delaram Barfeh Neuroscience Research center, Afzali Poor School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Armita Shahesmaeilinejad Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg University, Würzburg, Germany. Mahin Eslami Shahrbabaki Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Anahita Karamooz Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Fatemeh Shekari Shahid Beheshti Psychiatry Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran. Azam Zare Arashlouei Student Research Committee, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwife, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 2025 05 28 2025 09 02 Objective: Autism is a genetic disorder involving various genes. This study aims to investigate the role of genetic factors in Iranian patients with autism to help in more accurate diagnosis of this disease by identifying genes involved in Iranian patients. Method: This study was conducted as a systematic review on patients with autism in Iran, including design and search strategy, systematic collection and review of articles, and quality assessment of studies for data extraction. The search strategy included databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using relevant keywords, and autism diagnosis was based on DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria. Results: In this study, genes RORA, MTRR, MTR, Reelin, VDR, VMAT1, ACE I/D, MOCOS, HOTAIR, ANRIL, RIT2, MMP-9, GRM7, FOXP3, and GRIN2B showed significant relationships with the occurrence of autism. Conclusion: Given the dispersion and lack of coherence in studies on autism genetics in Iran, the definitive impact of each polymorphism in the Iranian population cannot be conclusively determined, and further studies are needed. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/4254