Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 21 1 2026 01 01 118 128 Hilmi Amirul Haq Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Zainab Khalisah Nurulhaq Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Bryan Naufal Abdullah Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Siti Wahyuni Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. AND Department of Psychiatry, RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Farida Murtiani Department of Research, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Rahmat Saputra Department of Public Health, Institut Health Payung Negeri, Pekanbaru, Indonesia. 2025 06 24 2025 09 07 Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) has a significant impact on the mother, child and family. Pharmacologic therapy in breastfeeding mothers often causes side effects, so non-pharmacologic alternatives are needed. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for PPD through a network meta-analysis. Method: This network meta-analysis synthesizes evidence from RCTs evaluating non-pharmacological interventions for PPD. We reviewed 13 articles from PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Network Meta-Analysis was performed using RStudio with a random effects model, while Rob 2.0, RoB-ME, and CINeMA were used to assess the risk of bias. Results: The analysis showed that Therapy-Assisted Internet Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TA-iCBT) had the highest benefit with a Mean Difference (MD) of 6.90 [95% CI 5.35 to 8.45], p = 0.005, as well as the highest effectiveness (P-score 0.891) and very low heterogeneity (I² = 0%). Qualitatively, other alternative therapies are also safe for the mother, but need to be tailored to the patient's needs. Conclusion: In conclusion, TA-iCBT is the most effective non-pharmacological therapy for PPD and can be the main choice in the psychiatric treatment of PPD patients. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/4276 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/4276/1312