Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 12 3 2017 06 28 147 153 EN Shahram Hajirezaei Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abolfazl Mohammadi Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehdi Soleimani Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Rahiminezhad Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Psychiatric and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. C. Robert Cloninger Center for Psychobiology of Personality, Sansone Center for Well-Being, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 2016 12 14 Objective: This study was conducted to compare the profile of Temperament and Character dimensions in patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder and control group. Methods: In this causal-comparative study the population consisted of two clinical groups (major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder) and a non-clinical group. The sample was 193 subjects (77 patients with major depressive disorder, 86 patients with bipolar mood disorder, and 30 normal people) with an age range of 18-65 years and the mean age of 40.1. They were selected from Roozbeh psychiatric hospital using available sampling method. Tools used in this research included Temperament and Character Inventory-140 and General Health Questionnaire-28. Collected data were analyzed by statistical methods of independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences-22 software. Result: The results of comparing the groups showed that there was a significant difference among groups in dimensions of Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, Persistence, Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness (P <0.05). The results showed that only in the Novelty Seeking dimension, the mean was different in males and females (P <0.05). Conclusion: In general, our results showed that patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar mood disorder have different personality profile in some dimensions of Temperament and Character compared with control group. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/901 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/901/637