Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 71 78 EN Mehdi Soleimani Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parvaneh Mohammadkhani University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Behroz Dolatshahi University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Alizadeh Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran Karenleigh Overmann Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA Frederick Coolidge Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objective: This study compared the effectiveness of two group treatments, behavioral activation (BA) and cognitive therapy (CT), in reducing subsyndromal anxiety and depressive symptoms in a sample of Iranian university students. Method: Twenty-seven Iranian university students who scored 18 or higher on the depression subscale and 16 or higher on the anxiety subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42) were randomly assigned into treatment groups. One group received 8 sessions of BA (n = 14), and the other received 8 sessions of group CT (n = 13). Result: Analysis of covariance revealed that the BA group had a significantly greater reduction in depressive symptoms than the CT group. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the levels of anxiety, stress symptoms or functional impairment after treatment. Conclusion: This study found evidence for the effectiveness of BA in reducing anxiety, depressive and stress symptoms and functional impairment compared to CT. BA was more effective than CT in improving depressive symptoms and was as effective as CT in decreasing anxiety, stress and functional impairment. BA is also a cost-effective intervention, particularly in group formats. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/386 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/386/381

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 79 85 EN Isaac Rahimian-Boogar Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Siavash Talepasand Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objective: Identification of the risk factors and psychological correlates of prolonged grief disorder is vital for health promotions in relatives of persons who died of cancer. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of defense mechanisms, character dimension of personality and demographic factors on complicated grief following a loss of a family member to cancer. Method: A number of 226 persons who had lost a family member to cancer in a cancer institute at Tehran University of Medical Science were selected through compliance sampling and completed the Inventory of complicated Grief-Revised (ICG-R), the Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ), the Character dimension of Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the Demographical questionnaire. Data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression analysis,using the PASW version 18. Results: Findings revealed that neurotic defense style had a significant positive predictive role in the complicated grief; and cooperativeness, age of the deceased person, self-transcendence and mature defense style had a significant negative predictive role in complicated grief (p<0.001). R2 was 0.73 for the final model (p<.001). Conclusion: The results revealed that two character dimensions (low cooperativeness and self-transcendence), high neurotic defense style and young age of the deceased person were involved in the psychopathological course of the complicated and prolonged grief. It was concluded that personality characteristics of the grieving persons and demographics of the deceased person should be addressed in designing tailored interventions for complicated grief. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/387 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/387/382

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 86 92 EN Zahra Sedaghati-Barog Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran SeyyedJalal Younesi Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran AmirHosein Sedaghati Kalamstan language foundation manager (CEO), unit 4-second floor-number 735-Shahid Ghandi Square-North Sohrevardi- Seyed Khandan Bridge-Tehran-Iran Zohre Sedaghati rights expert,assistance 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objective: The findings demonstrated that parents of children with cerebral palsy experience elevated levels of distress, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress symptom and subjective symptom of stress and low quality of life. Effective interventions targeting relapse have the potential to dramatically reduce the point prevalence of this condition. Many studies have shown that Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is an intervention that has shown efficacy in improving quality of life. In this study, the effect of Mindfulness –Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on increasing quality of life in mothers of children with cerebral palsy has been examined. Method: Three mothers of CP children with low scores on quality of life in WHOQOL-BREF inventory participated in this single- case study. Results: Findings revealed that the MBCT program elevated quality of life of the participants. The improvement quotient for quality of life of each participant was good. Conclusion: The results have implication for efficacy of mindfulness for improvement of psychosocial life of families of children with cerebral palsy. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/388 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/388/383

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 93 99 EN Ali Khaleghi Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Ali Sheikhani Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran MohammadReza Mohammadi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Moti-Nasrabadi Biomedical Engineering Department, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objective: Early diagnosis of type I and type II bipolar mood disorder is very challenging particularly in adolescence. Hence, we aimed to investigate the cerebral cortex function in these patients, using quantitative electroencephalography analysis to obtain significant differences between them. Methods: Thirty- eight adolescents (18 patients with bipolar disorder I and 20 with BMD II) participated in this study. We recorded the electroencephalogram signals based on 10-20 international system by 21 electrodes in eyes open and eyes closed condition resting conditions. Forty seconds segments were selected from each recorded signals with minimal noise and artifacts. Periodogram Welch was used to estimate power spectrum density from each segment. Analysis was performed in five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma), and we assessed power, mean, entropy, variance and skewness of the spectrums, as well as mean of the thresholded spectrum and thresholded spectrogram. We only used focal montage for comparison. Eventually, data were analyzed by independent Mann-Whitney test and independent t test. Results: We observed significant differences in some brain regions and in all frequency bands. There were significant differences in prefrontal lobe, central lobe, left parietal lobe, occipital lobe and temporal lobe between BMD I and BMD II (P < 0.05). In patients with BMD I, spectral entropy was compared to patients with BMD II. The most significant difference was observed in the gamma frequency band. Also, the power and entropy of delta frequency band was larger in the left parietal lobe in the BMD I patients compared to BMD II patients (P < 0.05). In the temporal lobe, significant differences were observed in the spectrum distribution of beta and gamma frequency bands (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The QEEG and entropy measure are simple and available tools to help detect cerebral cortex deficits and distinguish BMD I from BMD II. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/389 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/389/384

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 100 105 EN Saeedeh Zomorrodi Tarbiat Modares university, Tehran, Iran SeyedKazem Rasoulzadeh-Tabatabaie Department of Psychology, Teacher-Trbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Parviz Azadfallah Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Naser Ebrahimidaryani University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohamad Arbabi Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of mindfulness-based therapy on improving life quality of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Method: This was an experimental study including 24 patients (12 from each group) with IBS syndrome were selected based on the ROMEIII criteria and were randomly placed in the test and control groups. In both groups, the scales of the IBS-QOL34 Questionnaire were applied as assessment tool. Experiment group was subjected to the MFT (mindfulness-based therapy), while the control group received no intervention. After the two-month follow up, both groups were once again evaluated through the IBS-QOL34 scales. Results: There is not significant difference between trial and control group in starting of the study in demographic and quality of life status. The findings of covariance analysis revealed that the difference between the experiment and the control groups at follow-up was significant (p = 0.01). The results showed that the MFT has long-term effects on the life quality of patients suffering from IBS. Conclusion: The MFT could be considered as a new, effective and stable method in psychotherapy, particularly in psychosomatic disorders such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/390 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/390/385

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 106 114 EN MohammadReza Mohammadi Psychiatry and psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soleiman Mohammadzadeh Department of psychiatry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Shahin Akhondzadeh Psychiatry and psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objectives: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to assess the efficacy of memantine versus methylphenidate in the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Method: Forty participants (34 boys and 6 girls) aged 6-11 who were diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on (DSM-IV-TR) criteria were selected for this study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: group one (n = 22) received memantine and the other group (n = 18) received methylphenidate for six weeks. Treatment outcomes were assessed using the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impression- Severity Scale administered at baseline and at weeks 3 and 6 following the treatment. Also, a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (time- treatment interaction) was used. Results: At 6 weeks, methylphenidate produced a significantly better outcome on the Parent Rating Scale scores and Clinical Global Impression- Severity than memantine. Side effects were observed more often in the memantine group. However, with respect to the frequency of side effects, the difference between the memantine and methylphenidate groups was not significant. The most common side effects associated with memantine are appetite suppression, headache, vomiting, nausea and fatigue. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that although memantine was less effective than methylphenidate in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, it may be considered as an alternative treatment. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/391 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/391/386

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 10 2 2016 02 06 115 122 EN Mina Mazaheri Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2015 10 17 2015 10 17 Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the construct validity and reliability of the two forms of the Persian version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-6 & DERS-5-revised) in a clinical sample. Methods: The clinical sample consisted of 181 patients diagnosed with Functional GI Disorders (FGID) who referred to the digestive psychosomatic clinic in Isfahan in 2012. They were selected by census method (In a given period of time). The Persian version of the DERS, the short form of the DASS, and the TAS-20 were used to collect data. Results: The results of the factor structure or construct validity using principal components analysis with varimax rotation recognized 7 factors for the DERS-6 (Goals, Awarness, Impalse, Non Acceptance, Strategy, Clarity, Recognition), and 6 factors for the DERS-5- revised (Non Acceptance, Goals, Impalse, Strategy, Clarity, Recognition) in the clinical sample. They showed the common variance of 59.51% and 59.15%, respectively. Also, the results showed that the concurrent validity of both forms of the DERS and most of their factors, and their reliability in terms of Cronbach-Alpha were favorable. Discussion: Considering the factor structure and favorable psychometric properties of the two scales of DERS-6 & DERS-5-revised, the scales can be used in clinical samples. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/392 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/392/387en_US">Objective: Those veterans suffering from Post Traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience a low quality of life. This study investigated how the quality of life of warfare victims with PTSD was influenced by mindfulness training (MT) Method: This study followed a randomized controlled trial and included a pre-test, post-test and delayed post- and was conducted in 2012 at Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. The participants were 28 randomly selected male warfare victims with PTSD who were assigned into control and experimental groups. Data were collected using World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-26 (WHOQOL-26). Repeated measures ANOVA was run to analyze the data . Results: The findings of this study indicated a statistically significant decrease in the mean score of the experimental group in both post-test and delayed post-test. Also, in comparison with the control group, there was a statistically significant increase in the mean scores of the physical and psychiatric health, social re ationship and social setting and condition of the experimental group in the post-test and delayed post-test (p< 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study lend support to the effectiveness of MT in improving the quality of life of those veterans with PTSD and have significant implications for drawing our attention to mindfulness-based treatments as a way to enhance the quality of life of warfare victims suffering from PTSD. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/66 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/66/62

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 237 240 Youssef Fakour Assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi hospital, Tehran, Iran Pedram Noormohammadpour Assistant professor, Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi hospital, Tehran, Iran Hamed Ameri Department of Biomedical engineering, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Amir Houshang Ehsani Assistant professor, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi hospital, Tehran, Iran Leila Mokhtari Master of Clinical Psychology, Ministry of Education Najmeh Khosrovanmehr Master of Clinical Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences, Imam Hussein Hospital Seyedeh Zahra Hoseini Nezhad Department of Dermatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi hospital, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: Acne is the most common skin disease and isotretinoin is the most powerful drug among the various drugs used for its treatment, but it has some adverse effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of isotretinoin on depression and quality of life of a group of patients undergoing isotretinoin therapy before and after the treatment course . Methods: In this prospective study, 98 patients with severe acne were enrolled consecutively and underwent isotretinoin therapy receiving 0.5 mg/kg/d of isotretinoin for 16 weeks. Isotretinoin effects on quality of life and depression were evaluated using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires, respectively. Results: In this study, 98 patients suffering from severe acne (38 males and 60 females) were enrolled. Treatment of acne was associated with improvement of quality of life scores in both male and female patients (p = 0.001). Considering the cutoff value of 13 for mild depressive mood in the BDI score, in total, 48 (49%) of the enrolled patients (21 males and 33 females) had a mild depressive mood before the commencement of the treatment in this study. The analysis of before and after treatment BDI scores showed that the number of patients and also the mean score of BDI were increased in both male and female patients after the treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Isotretinoin therapy improved the quality of life of patients suffering from https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/64 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/64/60

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 241 247 Monir Baradaran Eftekhari Deputy of Research and Technology - Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran ; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Ameneh Setareh Forouzan Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Arash Mirabzadeh Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Homeira Sajadi Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Dejman Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Hasan Rafiee Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mahdi Golmakan Deputy of Health, Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: Mental health is an essential component for positive adaptation that enables people to cope with adversity to achieve their full potential and humanity. In this study, using a community based approach, the social determinants of mental health in Iranian women were extracted; and in addition, priority setting for interventional programs according to analytical framework of WHO was implemented . Method: This study was a community based participatory research (CBPR) in district 22 of Tehran (Iran). The target group was married females with age range of 18-65 years. In this study, mental health priorities were extracted by qualitative methods according to Essential National Health Research model (ENHR) and the analytical framework of WHO. Data analysis was done based on content analysis by the open code 3.6 software. Results: In the quantitative phase, according to secondary data, 1144 individuals (560 females and 584 males) were selected, of whom 41percent had impaired mental health based on General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (P<0.05). According to the qualitative phase, the first mental health priority in socioeconomic level was lack of insurance for unattended families, it was unemployment in differential exposure level and it was lack of knowledge and skills related to dealing with stress in the differential vulnerability level; in differential outcome and consequence levels, the priorities were lack of free counseling centers in the study area and lack of facilities for mental health rehabilitation. Conclusion: Providing training courses to improve the skills to deal with stress is considered one of the most important interventions for mental health promotion in women. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/62 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/62/58

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