Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 188 196 Zohre Nasiri Zarch Educational Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Sayed Mahdi Marashi Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Hojatollah Raji Bahrami Children's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 14 Emotional communication and economic factors play an important role in having a satisfying relationship and a more successful marriage. In this regard, we investigated the 10-year outcome of partners from three different economic levels regarding the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and marital satisfaction.The research was designed as a descriptive-correlative survey and data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression.Participants were 159 couples (N = 318) who were randomly selected through clustered sampling. The questionnaires included: Bar-on Emotional Intelligence (1997) and Enrich Marital satisfaction (1989).The findings revealed that the average values of emotional intelligence (m = 333.1) and marital satisfaction (m = 300.77) were high in the under-rich region (p<0.05). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between interpersonal and marital satisfaction within the under-rich region. On average, emotional intelligence accounted for 40.8% of marital satisfaction within those three regions (p<0.01).The results of the regression analysis showed that general mood is the most effective factor changing marital satisfaction in the three studied regions (R2= 0.34), rich (R2= 0.42) and semi-rich (R2= 0.52) regions (p<0.01). The most influential factor changing marital satisfaction in the under-rich (R2= 0.28) region was found to be stress management (p<0.01). https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/76 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/76/72

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 197 202 Nastaran Ahmadi Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohsen Araghi Isfahan University, Faculty of Educational Sciences & Psychology, Isfahan, Iran Hadi Zarafshan Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the differences between ADHD subtypes in executive function tasks compared to themselves and normal controls. Method: In this study, 45 school aged children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and 30 normal children who were matched based on age and IQ score in Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) were compared in terms of executive function. We used Wisconsin Sorting Card Test to assess executive function in both groups. We also used children's scores in Children Symptom Inventory-4 (CSI-4) for diagnosing ADHD and specifying ADHD subtypes. Data were entered in SPSS-17 and analyzed by T-test and ANOVA static tests to clarify the differences between ADHD and controls and between ADHD subtypes. Scheffe's test was also used to identify which groups were different from one another. The mean and standard divisions (SD) were used for descriptive analysis. Results: ADHD subtypes are significantly different in terms of perseverative responses (p≤ 0/01) and perseverative errors (p≤ 0/001). Based on Scheffe's test, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders-Hyperactive type (ADHD-H) is not that different from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders-Inattention type (ADHD-I) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders-Combined type (ADHD-C), but there are significant responses and perseverative differences between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in terms of perseverative errors. ADHD-C shows more perseverative responses and perseverative errors than ADHD-I. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that executive function patterns are different in children with ADHD compared to normal children. In this study it was also found that ADHD subtypes are also different in terms of perseveration and response inhibition domains; ADHD-C has more deficits in these domains. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/74 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/74/70

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 203 208 Ali Mehraban Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Jamal Shams Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sirous Moamenzade Department of anesthesiology, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mehdi Samimi Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sahar Rafiee Department Psychology & Education, Alleme-Tababtabaee University of Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Zademohamadi Department of Psychiatry, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: Chronic pain is a common disorder with a high prevalence of psychiatric disorder that imposes a worse prognosis on both conditions. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is estimated to be the fourth most prevalent life time psychiatric disorder, but yet has gained less attention in chronic pain comorbidity researches." Methods: Ninety three heterogeneous chronic pain patients who attended a pain clinic in Tehran (Iran) in an outpatient setting during three months were included in this study. Diagnosis was made by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID).The mean age of the patients was 46.37 (SD 15.005) years; of the patients, 66.7% were female and 33.3% were male. The mean duration of pain was 34.43 (SD 51.422) months. The mean pain severity on numerical pain scale was 5.82 (SD 1.950) from 10. Results: The mean pain site number was 3.68 (SD 3.401) from the maximum of 27 places. Furthermore, 61.3% of the participants were diagnosed with lifetime OCD, 25.8% with subclinical OCD and 61.5 % with major depressive disorder (MDD). OCD diagnosis was not correlated with MDD or pain intensity. Female gender was associated with OCD (OD; 4.182, 95% CL (1.655-10.568)). Pain intensity was correlated with MDD (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The high prevalence of OCD was comorbidity, independent of MDD and most pain characteristics. The high prevalence of OCD may be explained by the high rate of undiagnosed cause of pain as well as cultural and local factors. Using screening tests is suggested for tackling under diagnosis and under treatment of OCD and MDD. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/72 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/72/68

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 209 215 Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Psychiatric and Psychology Research Center, Department of Psychiatriy and Psychology, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Keshavarzi Mental Health Clinic, 372, Dastgerdi (Zafar) Street, Valie Asr Ave., Tehran, Iran Siavash Talepasand Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Psychology & Educational Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran 2015 10 14 The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a computer - based training program of attention, memory and executive functions in enhancing neuropsychological performances as well as functional outcome in clients with schizophrenia.A total of 15 clinically stable out patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for schizophrenia, diagnosed with different types of schizophrenia: paranoid, disorganized, residual, based on DSM- IV-TR were selected to participate in this study. All patients were randomly selected using a conventional sampling method and assigned to 60 hours individual sessions of computer - assisted cognitive remediation (CACR).This was a pre- experimental study with pretest and posttest in a single group. Cognitive functions were checked with Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (Wds) and Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). The symptoms of patients were measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Remediation was performed utilizing the Rehacome® software. Patients received the cognitive remediation program including attention, concentration and working memory. All participants were followed up after an interval of one month and three months. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis.After 3 months, the findings showed that patients' scores improved in the time factor. Also, a significant improvement favoring cognitive remediation was found in several cognitive measures including Reaction Time (F = 4015p<.05, Eta = 0.242), Wds (F = 11.806, p<.05,Eta = .48) PRMQ1(F = 3.314, p<.05, Eta = 0.20) PRMQ7(F = 2.85, p<.05, Eta = 0.18).Computer-assisted cognitive remediation training program was effective in improving the performance of schizophrenic patients. CACR did not have any effects on the positive and negative symptoms. Long- term follow-up studies are needed to confirm the maintenance of such improvements. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/58 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/58/54

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 216 221 Mahdi Moeini University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran, Iran Ali Khaleghi Psychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Nasrin Amiri University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran, Iran Zahra Niknam University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: The aim of this study was to achieve a better understanding of schizoaffective disorder. Therefore, we obtained electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from patients with schizoaffective disorder and analyzed them in comparison to normal subjects. Method: Forty patients with schizoaffective disorder and 40 normal subjects were selected randomly and their electroencephalogram signals were recorded based on 10-20 international system by 23 electrodes in open- and closed-eyes while they were sitting on a chair comfortably. After pre-processing for noise removal and artifact reduction, we took 60- second segments from each recorded signals. Then, the absolute and relative powers of these segments were evaluated in all channels and in 4 frequency bands (i.e., delta, theta, alpha and beta waves). Finally, Data were analyzed by independent t-test using SPSS software. Results: A significant decrease in relative power in the alpha band, a significant decrease in power spectra in the alpha band and a significant increase in power spectra in the beta band were found in patients compared to normal subjects (P < 0.05). The predominant wave in the centro-parietal region was the beta wave in patients, but it was the alpha band in normal subjects (P = 0.048). Also, the predominant wave of the occipital region in patients was the delta wave, while it was the alpha wave in normal subjects (P = 0.038). Conclusion: Considering the findings, particularly based on the significant decrease of the alpha waves in schizoaffective patients, it can be concluded that schizoaffective disorder can be seen in schizophrenia spectrum. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/70 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/70/66

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 222 227 Mahnaz Haghighi Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazerron Branch, Iran Maedeh Khaterizadeh Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazerron Branch, Iran Gholamreza Chalbianloo Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan, Iran Sholeh Toobaei Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kazerron Branch, Iran Ahmad Ghanizadeh Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz, Iran ; Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Neurosciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2015 10 14 Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral problem during childhood and in school-aged children. Various projection drawings have been designed for assessing children’s personality and psychological disorders including the tests of draw a person (DAP) and draw a family (DAF). We aimed to compare the differences between typically developing children and children with ADHD using these tests. Methods: In this case-control study, all the 9-10 year-old boy students studying at the third and fourth grades were enrolled from schools in the 2nd educational district of Shiraz, south of Iran. Eighty students were then selected and enrolled into the ADHD group and the control group. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition- text Revised (DSM-IV-TR), and the Child Symptoms Inventory were used to diagnose the children with ADHD. We evaluated and analyzed impulsiveness, non-impulsiveness, emotional problems and incompatibility indices in the DAP and DAF tests in each group. Results: A significant difference was found in the indices of incompatibility and emotional problems, impulsiveness, nonimpulsiveness and DAF between typically developing children and those with ADHD. The mean (±SD) total scores of the above mentioned indices in the ADHD group were 19.79(±2.94), 12.31(±1.84), 5.26(±2.29) and 5.89(±2.13), respectively (P<0.001). The corresponding figures for these indices in the normal group were 12.11(±4.74), 5.63(±2), 10.36± (2.33) and 2.88(±2.13), respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: Significant differences were obtained between the control group and children with ADHD using these two drawing tests. The rate of impulsivity and emotional problems indices in drawings of children with ADHD was markedly more common than those of the typically developing children. This suggests the need for further assessment to screen ADHD. https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/68 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/68/64

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 9 4 2014 12 15 228 236 Esfandiar Azad Marzabadi Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of medical sciences, Tehran. Iran Seyyed Morteza Hashemi Zadeh Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of medical sciences, Tehran. Iran 2015 10 14 2016 06 01 104 114 EN Mohammadrasoul Khalkhali Department of Psychiatry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Setareh Aram‎ Department of Psychiatry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Homa Zarrabi Department of Psychiatry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Moosa Kafie Department of Psychology, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran Abtin Heidarzadeh Department of Community Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht, Iran 2016 05 31 2016 05 31 Objective: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are frequently used in first-line treatments for patients ‎with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nevertheless, many of these patients do not ‎respond well to initial therapy. The hypothesis of glutamatergic dysfunction in specific ‎brain regions has been proposed in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive ‎disorder. This study was designed to evaluate the possible efficacy of lamotrigine, a ‎glutamatergic agent in Serotonin reuptake inhibitors-resistant patients with obsessive-‎compulsive disorder.‎ Method: This study was a 12-week, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ‎adjunctive fixed-doses of lamotrigine (100 mg) to Serotonin reuptake inhibitors therapy ‎in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eligible subjects who had a total Y-BOCS of 21 or ‎above were randomly assigned to receive adjunctive treatment with either lamotrigine ‎‎(n = 26), or placebo (n = 27). Response to lamotrigine was defined as clinical ‎improvement (>25% decrease in the total Y-BOCS score), which was administered at ‎weeks 0, 8 and 12.‎ Results: At the endpoint (week 12), significant differences were observed in obsession, ‎compulsion, and total Y-BOCS scores comparing lamotrigine to placebo (P = 0.01, ‎‎0.005 and 0.007 respectively). The mean reduction in obsession, compulsion and total ‎scores in lamotrigine group was about 4.15, 4.50 and 8.73, respectively. Similarly, the ‎mean reductions in the placebo group were 2.52, 2.56 and 5.07. Effect sizes for efficacy ‎measures were calculated by Cohen’s d, and it was calculated as 0.54 for the total ‎YBOCS.‎ Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that this augmentation is well tolerated and may be an ‎effective strategy for patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.‎‎ https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/709 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/709/558

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 11 2 2016 06 01 115 119 EN Seyyed Salman Alavi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Jannatifard Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soroush Mohammadi Kalhori Young Researchers and Elite Club, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran Ghazal Sepahbodi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad BabaReisi Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sahar Sajedi‎ Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Farshchi‎ Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rasul KhodaKarami‎ Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Vahid Hatami Kasvaee‎ Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 06 01 2016 06 01 Objective: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) classified mobile phone addiction disorder under ‎‎"impulse control disorder not elsewhere classified". This study surveyed the ‎diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV-TR for the diagnosis of mobile phone ‎addiction in correspondence with Iranian society and culture.‎ Method: Two hundred fifty students of Tehran universities were entered into this ‎descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study. Quota sampling method ‎was used. At first, semi- structured clinical interview (based on DSM-IV-‎TR) was performed for all the cases, and another specialist re-evaluated the ‎interviews. Data were analyzed using content validity, inter-scorer reliability (Kappa coefficient) and test-retest via SPSS18 software. Results: The content validity of the semi- structured clinical interview matched the ‎DSM –IV-TR criteria for behavioral addiction. Moreover, their content was ‎appropriate, and two items, including "SMS pathological use" and "High ‎monthly cost of using the mobile phone” were added to promote its validity. ‎Internal reliability (Kappa) and test –retest reliability were 0.55 and r = 0.4 ‎‎(p<0. 01) respectively.‎ Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that semi- structured diagnostic criteria of ‎DSM-IV-TR are valid and reliable for diagnosing mobile phone addiction, ‎and this instrument is an effective tool to diagnose this disorder.‎ https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/view/711 https://ijps.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijps/article/download/711/559

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 11 2 2016 06 01 120 127 EN Manijeh Yazdanshenas Ghazwin Deputy of Treatment, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Kavian Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohsen Ahmadloo Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alemeh Jarchi Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shaghayegh Golchin Javadi North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Sahar Latifi‎ Deputy of Treatment, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Amir Hossein Tavakoli Iranian Tissue Bank & Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahsa ‎ Ghajarzadeh Deputy of Treatment, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 06 01 2016 06 01 Objective: The determinants of satisfaction of life (SWL) are poorly described among Iranian employed ‎nurses. This study aimed to assess the effect of various factors including age, gender, marital ‎status, depression, anxiety and stress on SWL among Iranian nurses.‎ Method: Employed nurses in three teaching hospitals were invited to participate in this study. Ninety-four ‎nurses (65 women and 29 men) participated in this study. Depression, anxiety, stress scale ‎