Marriage Related Suicide Fatality Rates
,
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed at estimating the case fatality rates of suicide acts in different marital status subgroups and to find interrelation with a population living in Bushehr province along the coastal region of the Persian Gulf coast in southwest of Iran.
Method: In this analytical and observational study, suicidal data were gathered in 5 successive years (2008–2012) in the population of Bushehr. Data were extracted from suicide registration forms provided by the Psychiatric Health Unit of Ministry of Health. Questions mainly focused on demographic characteristics, including age, sex, literacy, residency, marital status, birth rank, the number of previous suicide attempts, and probable reasons of suicide, such as family conflicts or/and psychiatric complications. Fatality rates in different subgroups (male/female; married/unmarried; etc.) were compared and odds ratios were computed. The main limitation of this study was the lack of a specific grouping for those who cohabited together (Those who live together and have a sexual relationship without being married). The logistic regression model was used in data analysis.
Results: Case mortality rates of suicides were found to be 3.5% for both sexes, 5.2% in males and 2.7% in females. However, among the single population, either divorced or widowed, the probability of death due to suicide was 3.5 times higher (95% CI: 1.5–2.9) as compared to the unmarried. Age as a confounding factor in fatality rates made a significant difference between married and unmarried people, and differences disappeared after adjusting for age. However, fatality rate was still higher in the widowed /divorced group compared to other groups even after adjusting for age.
Conclusion: Fatality rate was higher in married people compared to the unmarried, however, after adjusting for age as a determinant factor, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. The highest death rate belonged to the age-specific widowed /divorced individuals as compared to all other marital status subgroups.
2. Suicide Fact sheet.d. [cited 2017 Apr 7] Available from http://www.who.int /gho /mental _health/suicide_rates/en/.
3. Mental health.Preventing suicide: A global imperative. [cited 2017 Apr 8] Available from http://wwwhttp://www.who.int/mental_health/suicide-prevention/world_report_2014/en/.
4. Farr W. The influence of marriage on the mortality of the French people. In Hastings GW(ed) Transactions of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Sciences. London; John W. Parker and Son: 1958.
5. Grzywa A, Kucmin A, Kucmin T. Suicide problems-epidemiology, factors, motives andPrevention. Pol MerkurLekarski 2009; 27(161):432-6.
6. Goldman N, Hu Y 1993.Excess mortality among the unmarried: a case study of Japan. Soc Sci Med 1993;36(4):533-46.
7. Mousavi F, Shahmohammadi D, Kaffashi A. Epidemiological survey of suicide in rural areas [In Persian]. Iranian J of Psychiatric and clinical psychology 2000;54:103-109.
8. Khajeh MN, Behroziyan F, Ganavati F. Investigation of the relationship between hopelessness and suicide in patients with mood disorders [In Persian]. J Iran Univ Med Sci 2010; 4: 407-413.
9. Gardner J, Oswald A. How is mortality affected by money, marriage, and stress? J Health Econ 2004; 23(6):1181-1207.
10. Nilsson PM, Nilsson JA, Ostergren PO, Berglund G. Social mobility, marital status, andmortality risk in an adult life course perspective: the Malmo Preventive Project. Scand J Public Health 2005; 33(6):412-23.
11. Radhakrishnan R, Andrade C. Suicide: An Indian perspective. Indian J Psychiatry 2012; 54(4): 304-319.
12. Banerjee G, Nandi DN , Nandi S , Sarkar S , Boral GC , Ghosh A. The vulnerability ofIndian women to suicide a field-study. Indian J Psychiatry 1990; 32(4):305–8.
13. WHO (2013). Suicide Prevention Country, Country Reportsand Charts. [cited 2017 Apr 12] Available from 〈http://www.who.int/mental _health/prevention/suicide rates/en/〉.
14. Janghorbani M, Sharifirad G. Completed and attempted suicide in Ilam-Iran (1995-2002).Incidence and associated factots. Arch Iranian Med 2005;8(2):119–26.
15. Nazarzadeh M, Bidel Z, Ayubi E, Asadollahi K, Carson KV, Sayehmiri K. Determination of the social related factors of suicide in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:4.
16. Statistical centre of Iran. Census reports 2011. Available erome [www.amar.org.ir].
17. National organization for civil registration. Vital statistics. Available from [www.sabteahval.i].
18. Hajivandi A, Akbarizadeh F, Janghorbani M 2013. Epidemiology of suicide in province of Bushehr [In Persian]. Journal of Health System Research 2013; 9: 1252-61.
19. Spicer RS, Miller T. Suicide acts in 8 states: Incidence and case fatality rates by. Demographics and methods. Am J Public Health 2000;90(12): 1885–91.
20. Qin P, Moreton PB, Agerbo E. Gender differences in risk factors for suicide in Denmark. B J P 2000; 177: 546-50.
21. Masocco M, Pompili M, Vichi M, Vanacore N, Lester D, Tatarelli R. Suicide and Marital Status in Italy. Psychiatr Q 2008;79/94):275–85.
22. Lorant V, Kunst AE, Huisman M, Bopp M, Mackenbach J 2005. The EU Working. A European comparative study of marital status and socio-economic inequalities in suicide. Soc Sci Med. 2005;60(11):2431-41
23. Fukuchi N, Kakizaki M, Sugawara Y, Tanji F, Watanabe I, Fukao A. Association of marital status with the incidence of Suicide: A population-based Cohort Study in Japan. Journal of Affective Disorders 2013;150(3):879–85.
24. Parkar SR, Nagarsekar B, Weiss MG. Explaining suicide: Identifying common themesAnd diverse perspectives in an urban Mumbai slum. Soc Sci Med 2012;75(11):2037-46.
25. Miller M, Azrael D, Hemen way D. The Epidemiology of Case Fatality Rates for suicide in the Northeast. Ann Emerg Med 2004;43(6):723-30.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 14 No 1 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v14i1.423 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Fatality Rates lethal Marital Status Psychiatry Suicide | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
