Infertility and Psychological and Social Health of Iranian Infertile Women: A Systematic Review
,
Abstract
Objective: Infertility influences various emotional, psychological, social, and relational aspects of women’s lives. By employing a systematic review on the papers published in this field, this study aimed to identify the consequences of infertility on psychological and social health of women in Iran.
Method: This was a descriptive study, conducted through a systematic review according to the directions denoted by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) in 2018. To investigate the entirety of the published studies on the sociopsychological consequences of women’s infertility in Iran, various databases, including Comprehensive Human Science Portal, Scientific Information Databases (SID), Magiran, National Library and Archives of I. R. IRAN, Noormags, MEDLIB, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Medline, and ProQuest, were explored for the studies published between 1991 and 2018. The selected papers were evaluated according to the content analysis method.
Results: Out of the 53 papers investigated, 27 were published in domestic journals (51%), while the remaining 26 papers were published in international journals and were in English (49%). The results revealed that sociopsychological consequences of women’s infertility are categorized in 6 main categories: (1) quality of life, (2) depression, (3) anxiety, (4) social support, (5) violence, and (6) sexual function.
Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to design psychocognitive interventions and assist women in decreasing the emerging psychological pain and pressure.
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2. Vander Borght M, Wyns C. Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology. Clin Biochem. 2018;62:2-10.
3. Direkvand Moghadam A, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K. The Prevalence of Infertility in Iran, A Systematic Review. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2013;16(81):1-7.
4. Kazemijaliseh H, Ramezani Tehrani F, Behboudi-Gandevani S, Hosseinpanah F, Khalili D, Azizi F. The Prevalence and Causes of Primary Infertility in Iran: A Population-Based Study. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;7(6):226-32.
5. Schweiger U, Schweiger JU, Schweiger JI. Mental disorders and female infertility. Archives of Psychology. 2018;2(6).
6. Biringer E, Kessler U, Howard LM, Pasupathy D, Mykletun A. Anxiety, depression and probability of live birth in a cohort of women with self-reported infertility in the HUNT 2 Study and Medical Birth Registry of Norway. J Psychosom Res. 2018;113:1-7.
7. Winkelman WD, Katz PP, Smith JF, Rowen TS, Group IOPP. The sexual impact of infertility among women seeking fertility care. Sexual medicine. 2016;4(3):e190-e7.
8. Luk BH, Loke AY. The Impact of Infertility on the Psychological Well-Being, Marital Relationships, Sexual Relationships, and Quality of Life of Couples: A Systematic Review. J Sex Marital Ther. 2015;41(6):610-25.
9. Ozan YD, Okumuş H. Effects of nursing care based on watson’s theory of human caring on anxiety, distress, and coping, when infertility treatment fails: A randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci. 2017;6(2):95-9.
10. Toftager M, Sylvest R, Schmidt L, Bogstad J, Lossl K, Praetorius L, et al. Quality of life and psychosocial and physical well-being among 1,023 women during their first assisted reproductive technology treatment: secondary outcome to a randomized controlled trial comparing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist and GnRH agonist protocols. Fertil Steril. 2018;109(1):154-64.
11. Moeenizadeh M, Zarif H. The Efficacy of Well-Being Therapy for Depression in Infertile Women. Int J Fertil Steril. 2017;10(4):363-70.
12. Ma F, Cao H, Song L, Liao X, Liu X. Effects of comprehensive care on mood and quality of life in infertile patients. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2018;11(4):4072-9.
13. Karaca A, Unsal G. Psychosocial problems and coping strategies among Turkish women with infertility. Asian Nursing Research. 2015;9(3):243-50.
14. Tarabusi M, Volpe A, Facchinetti F. Psychological group support attenuates distress of waiting in couples scheduled for assisted reproduction. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;25(3-4):273-9.
15. Ergin RN, Polat A, Kars B, Oztekin D, Sofuoglu K, Caliskan E. Social stigma and familial attitudes related to infertility. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;15(1):46-9.
16. Noorbala AA, Ramazanzadeh F, Malekafzali H, Abedinia N, Forooshani AR, Shariat M, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2008;101(3):248-52.
17. Omoaregba JO, James BO, Lawani AO, Morakinyo O, Olotu OS. Psychosocial characteristics of female infertility in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2011;10(1):19-24.
18. Sis Celik A, Kirca N. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2018;231:111-6.
19. Maroufizadeh S, Ghaheri A, Almasi-Hashiani A, Mohammadi M, Navid B, Ezabadi Z, et al. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among people with infertility referring to Royan Institute in Tehran, Iran: a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2018;23(2):103-6.
20. Omani-Samani R, Maroufizadeh S, Almasi-Hashiani A, Amini P. Prevalence of depression and its determinant factors among infertile patients in Iran based on the PHQ-9. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2018;23(4):460-3.
21. Frederiksen Y, Farver-Vestergaard I, Skovgard NG, Ingerslev HJ, Zachariae R. Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for psychological and pregnancy outcomes in infertile women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2015;5(1):e006592.
22. Rashidi B, Montazeri A, Abedinia N, Shariat M, Ashrafi M, Ramezanzadeh F. Health-Related Quality of life in Iranian Couples Receiving IVF/ICSI Treatment. Payesh. 2012;11(3):385-9.
23. Zamani N, Ghasemi M, Jokar E, Khazri Moghadam N. Comparison of depression and life quality of fertile and infertile women and those with frequent abortions. JBUMS. 2013;15(6):78-83.
24. Farrokh Eslamlou H, Hajishafiha M, Kazemi ES, Oshnouei S. IMPACT OF PRIMARY INFERTILITY ON LIFE QUALITY IN URMIA, IRAN. Urmia Medical Journal. 2014;25(7):598-604.
25. Goli M, Firozeh F, Ahmadi S. Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Infertile Women of Isfahan 2008. SJIMU. 2012;20(3):63-70.
26. Namdar A, Naghizadeh MM, Zamani M, Yaghmaei F, Sameni MH. Quality of life and general health of infertile women. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):139.
27. Xiaoli S, Mei L, Junjun B, Shu D, Zhaolian W, Jin W, et al. Assessing the quality of life of infertile Chinese women: a cross-sectional study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55(2):244-50.
28. Alami M, Amanati L, Shokrabi S, Haghani H, Ramezanzadeh F. Factors influencing quality of life among infertile women. Iran J Nurs Res. 2009;21(56):27-35.
29. Navabi RS, Kianian T, Kermansaravi F, Yaghmaei F. Quality of life of infertile women referring to an infertility treatment center in Shiraz, Iran. Payesh. 2016;15(5):549-58.
30. Diener E, Sapyta JJ, Suh E. Subjective well-being is essential to well-being. Psychol Inq. 1998;9(1):33-7.
31. Behdani F, Mosavifar N, Soltanifar A, Mohamadnejad M. Anxiety and Mood Disorders in Infertile Women Referred to Montaserie Infertility Clinic in Mashhad, North-East Iran. Iranina Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility. 2008;11(3):15-.
32. Behdani F, Mosavifar N, Hebrani P, Soltanifar A, Mohamadnejad M. Anxiety and mood disorders in infertile women referred to Montaserie infertility clinic in Mashhad, North-East Iran. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2008;11(3):15-23.
33. Peyvandi S, Hosseini SH, Daneshpour M, Mohammadpour R, Qolami N. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction and related factors in infertile women referred to infertility clinics of Sari city in 2008. Journal of Mazandaran university of medical sciences. 2011;20(80):26-32.
34. Peyvandi S, Hosseini SH, Daneshpour M, Mohammadpour R, Qolami N. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction and related factors in infertile women referred to infertility clinics of Sari city in 2008. Journal of Mazandaran university of medical sciences. 2011;20(80):26-32.
35. Haririan HR, Mohammadpour Y, Aghajanloo A. Prevalence of depression and contributing factors of depression in the infertile women referred to Kosar infertility center, 2009. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2010;13(2):45-9.
36. Aghamohammadian Sharbaf H, Mousavifar N, Moeenizadeh M. The effectiveness of well-being therapy on stress, and psychological well-being in infertile women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012;15(2):48-55.
37. Ramezanzadeh F, Aghssa MM, Abedinia N, Zayeri F, Khanafshar N, Shariat M, et al. A survey of relationship between anxiety, depression and duration of infertility. BMC women's health. 2004;4(1):9.
38. Lykeridou K, Gourounti K, Deltsidou A, Loutradis D, Vaslamatzis G. The impact of infertility diagnosis on psychological status of women undergoing fertility treatment. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2009;27(3):223-37.
39. Hasanpour S, Bani S, Mirghafourvand M, Yahyavi Kochaksarayie F. Mental health and its personal and social predictors in infertile women. J Caring Sci. 2014;3(1):37-45.
40. Besharat MA, Lashkari M, Rezazadeh MR. Explaining adjustment to infertility according to relationship quality, couples' beliefs and social support. J Fam Psychol. 2015;1(2):41-54.
41. Hosseini S, Farahani MN, Rashidi B. The Role of Infertility Stress, Coping Styles, Personality Trait and Social Support in Marital Adjustment of Infertile Women. Journal of Research in Psychological Health. 2013;7(2):1-12.
42. Ezzati A, Nouri R, Hasani J. Structural Relationship Model between Social Support, Coping Strategies, Stigma and Depression in Infertile Women in Tehran, Iran, 2010. Iranina Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility. 2013;16(45):20-8.
43. Hasanpoor-Azghady SB, Simbar M, Vedadhir AA, Azin SA, Amiri-Farahani L. The social construction of infertility among Iranian infertile women: a qualitative study. J Reprod Infertil. 2019;20(3):178-90.
44. Organization WH. WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002.
45. Alijani F, Keramat A, Gardeshi ZH, Khosravi A, Afzali M, Habibi F. Domestic violence and its related risk factors among women attending infertility clinic in North of Iran. American Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. 2018;5(2):267-72.
46. Ardabily HE, Moghadam ZB, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2011;112(1):15-7.
47. BEHBOODI MZ, EFTEKHAR AH, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Physical and psychological violence against infertile women. 2010.
48. Rahnavardi M, Shayan A, Rezaie Chamani S, Heydarifard S, Rahebi M. The Impact of Infertility on Sexual Violence in Women Referring to AL-Zahra Infertility Center in Rasht. Journal of Health and Care. 2019;21(1):44-52.
49. Khodarahimi S, Hosseinmirzaei S, Bruna MMO. The role of infertility in mental health, psychological distress and sexual dysfunction in a sample of Iranian women. Women & Therapy. 2014;37(1-2):178-94.
50. Mirblouk F, Asgharnia DM, Solimani R, Fakor F, Salamat F, Mansoori S. Comparison of sexual dysfunction in women with infertility and without infertility referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in 2013-2014. Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd). 2016;14(2):117-24.
51. Alirezaee S, Ozgoli G, Majd HA. Comparison of sexual self-efficacy and sexual function in fertile and infertile women referred to health centers in Mashhad in 1392. Pejouhandeh Journal. 2014;19(3):131-6.
52. Jamali S, Zarei H, Rasekh Jahromi A. The relationship between body mass index and sexual function in infertile women: A cross-sectional survey. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(3):189-98.
53. Zare Z, Amirian M, Golmakani N, Mazlom R, Ahangar ML. Sexual dysfunction in infertile women. Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd) .2016;14(2):89-94.
2. Vander Borght M, Wyns C. Fertility and infertility: Definition and epidemiology. Clin Biochem. 2018;62:2-10.
3. Direkvand Moghadam A, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K. The Prevalence of Infertility in Iran, A Systematic Review. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2013;16(81):1-7.
4. Kazemijaliseh H, Ramezani Tehrani F, Behboudi-Gandevani S, Hosseinpanah F, Khalili D, Azizi F. The Prevalence and Causes of Primary Infertility in Iran: A Population-Based Study. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;7(6):226-32.
5. Schweiger U, Schweiger JU, Schweiger JI. Mental disorders and female infertility. Archives of Psychology. 2018;2(6).
6. Biringer E, Kessler U, Howard LM, Pasupathy D, Mykletun A. Anxiety, depression and probability of live birth in a cohort of women with self-reported infertility in the HUNT 2 Study and Medical Birth Registry of Norway. J Psychosom Res. 2018;113:1-7.
7. Winkelman WD, Katz PP, Smith JF, Rowen TS, Group IOPP. The sexual impact of infertility among women seeking fertility care. Sexual medicine. 2016;4(3):e190-e7.
8. Luk BH, Loke AY. The Impact of Infertility on the Psychological Well-Being, Marital Relationships, Sexual Relationships, and Quality of Life of Couples: A Systematic Review. J Sex Marital Ther. 2015;41(6):610-25.
9. Ozan YD, Okumuş H. Effects of nursing care based on watson’s theory of human caring on anxiety, distress, and coping, when infertility treatment fails: A randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci. 2017;6(2):95-9.
10. Toftager M, Sylvest R, Schmidt L, Bogstad J, Lossl K, Praetorius L, et al. Quality of life and psychosocial and physical well-being among 1,023 women during their first assisted reproductive technology treatment: secondary outcome to a randomized controlled trial comparing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist and GnRH agonist protocols. Fertil Steril. 2018;109(1):154-64.
11. Moeenizadeh M, Zarif H. The Efficacy of Well-Being Therapy for Depression in Infertile Women. Int J Fertil Steril. 2017;10(4):363-70.
12. Ma F, Cao H, Song L, Liao X, Liu X. Effects of comprehensive care on mood and quality of life in infertile patients. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2018;11(4):4072-9.
13. Karaca A, Unsal G. Psychosocial problems and coping strategies among Turkish women with infertility. Asian Nursing Research. 2015;9(3):243-50.
14. Tarabusi M, Volpe A, Facchinetti F. Psychological group support attenuates distress of waiting in couples scheduled for assisted reproduction. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2004;25(3-4):273-9.
15. Ergin RN, Polat A, Kars B, Oztekin D, Sofuoglu K, Caliskan E. Social stigma and familial attitudes related to infertility. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;15(1):46-9.
16. Noorbala AA, Ramazanzadeh F, Malekafzali H, Abedinia N, Forooshani AR, Shariat M, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2008;101(3):248-52.
17. Omoaregba JO, James BO, Lawani AO, Morakinyo O, Olotu OS. Psychosocial characteristics of female infertility in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Ann Afr Med. 2011;10(1):19-24.
18. Sis Celik A, Kirca N. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in a Turkish setting. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2018;231:111-6.
19. Maroufizadeh S, Ghaheri A, Almasi-Hashiani A, Mohammadi M, Navid B, Ezabadi Z, et al. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among people with infertility referring to Royan Institute in Tehran, Iran: a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2018;23(2):103-6.
20. Omani-Samani R, Maroufizadeh S, Almasi-Hashiani A, Amini P. Prevalence of depression and its determinant factors among infertile patients in Iran based on the PHQ-9. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2018;23(4):460-3.
21. Frederiksen Y, Farver-Vestergaard I, Skovgard NG, Ingerslev HJ, Zachariae R. Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for psychological and pregnancy outcomes in infertile women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2015;5(1):e006592.
22. Rashidi B, Montazeri A, Abedinia N, Shariat M, Ashrafi M, Ramezanzadeh F. Health-Related Quality of life in Iranian Couples Receiving IVF/ICSI Treatment. Payesh. 2012;11(3):385-9.
23. Zamani N, Ghasemi M, Jokar E, Khazri Moghadam N. Comparison of depression and life quality of fertile and infertile women and those with frequent abortions. JBUMS. 2013;15(6):78-83.
24. Farrokh Eslamlou H, Hajishafiha M, Kazemi ES, Oshnouei S. IMPACT OF PRIMARY INFERTILITY ON LIFE QUALITY IN URMIA, IRAN. Urmia Medical Journal. 2014;25(7):598-604.
25. Goli M, Firozeh F, Ahmadi S. Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Infertile Women of Isfahan 2008. SJIMU. 2012;20(3):63-70.
26. Namdar A, Naghizadeh MM, Zamani M, Yaghmaei F, Sameni MH. Quality of life and general health of infertile women. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):139.
27. Xiaoli S, Mei L, Junjun B, Shu D, Zhaolian W, Jin W, et al. Assessing the quality of life of infertile Chinese women: a cross-sectional study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55(2):244-50.
28. Alami M, Amanati L, Shokrabi S, Haghani H, Ramezanzadeh F. Factors influencing quality of life among infertile women. Iran J Nurs Res. 2009;21(56):27-35.
29. Navabi RS, Kianian T, Kermansaravi F, Yaghmaei F. Quality of life of infertile women referring to an infertility treatment center in Shiraz, Iran. Payesh. 2016;15(5):549-58.
30. Diener E, Sapyta JJ, Suh E. Subjective well-being is essential to well-being. Psychol Inq. 1998;9(1):33-7.
31. Behdani F, Mosavifar N, Soltanifar A, Mohamadnejad M. Anxiety and Mood Disorders in Infertile Women Referred to Montaserie Infertility Clinic in Mashhad, North-East Iran. Iranina Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility. 2008;11(3):15-.
32. Behdani F, Mosavifar N, Hebrani P, Soltanifar A, Mohamadnejad M. Anxiety and mood disorders in infertile women referred to Montaserie infertility clinic in Mashhad, North-East Iran. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2008;11(3):15-23.
33. Peyvandi S, Hosseini SH, Daneshpour M, Mohammadpour R, Qolami N. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction and related factors in infertile women referred to infertility clinics of Sari city in 2008. Journal of Mazandaran university of medical sciences. 2011;20(80):26-32.
34. Peyvandi S, Hosseini SH, Daneshpour M, Mohammadpour R, Qolami N. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and marital satisfaction and related factors in infertile women referred to infertility clinics of Sari city in 2008. Journal of Mazandaran university of medical sciences. 2011;20(80):26-32.
35. Haririan HR, Mohammadpour Y, Aghajanloo A. Prevalence of depression and contributing factors of depression in the infertile women referred to Kosar infertility center, 2009. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2010;13(2):45-9.
36. Aghamohammadian Sharbaf H, Mousavifar N, Moeenizadeh M. The effectiveness of well-being therapy on stress, and psychological well-being in infertile women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012;15(2):48-55.
37. Ramezanzadeh F, Aghssa MM, Abedinia N, Zayeri F, Khanafshar N, Shariat M, et al. A survey of relationship between anxiety, depression and duration of infertility. BMC women's health. 2004;4(1):9.
38. Lykeridou K, Gourounti K, Deltsidou A, Loutradis D, Vaslamatzis G. The impact of infertility diagnosis on psychological status of women undergoing fertility treatment. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2009;27(3):223-37.
39. Hasanpour S, Bani S, Mirghafourvand M, Yahyavi Kochaksarayie F. Mental health and its personal and social predictors in infertile women. J Caring Sci. 2014;3(1):37-45.
40. Besharat MA, Lashkari M, Rezazadeh MR. Explaining adjustment to infertility according to relationship quality, couples' beliefs and social support. J Fam Psychol. 2015;1(2):41-54.
41. Hosseini S, Farahani MN, Rashidi B. The Role of Infertility Stress, Coping Styles, Personality Trait and Social Support in Marital Adjustment of Infertile Women. Journal of Research in Psychological Health. 2013;7(2):1-12.
42. Ezzati A, Nouri R, Hasani J. Structural Relationship Model between Social Support, Coping Strategies, Stigma and Depression in Infertile Women in Tehran, Iran, 2010. Iranina Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Infertility. 2013;16(45):20-8.
43. Hasanpoor-Azghady SB, Simbar M, Vedadhir AA, Azin SA, Amiri-Farahani L. The social construction of infertility among Iranian infertile women: a qualitative study. J Reprod Infertil. 2019;20(3):178-90.
44. Organization WH. WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002.
45. Alijani F, Keramat A, Gardeshi ZH, Khosravi A, Afzali M, Habibi F. Domestic violence and its related risk factors among women attending infertility clinic in North of Iran. American Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research. 2018;5(2):267-72.
46. Ardabily HE, Moghadam ZB, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence against infertile women in an Iranian setting. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2011;112(1):15-7.
47. BEHBOODI MZ, EFTEKHAR AH, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Physical and psychological violence against infertile women. 2010.
48. Rahnavardi M, Shayan A, Rezaie Chamani S, Heydarifard S, Rahebi M. The Impact of Infertility on Sexual Violence in Women Referring to AL-Zahra Infertility Center in Rasht. Journal of Health and Care. 2019;21(1):44-52.
49. Khodarahimi S, Hosseinmirzaei S, Bruna MMO. The role of infertility in mental health, psychological distress and sexual dysfunction in a sample of Iranian women. Women & Therapy. 2014;37(1-2):178-94.
50. Mirblouk F, Asgharnia DM, Solimani R, Fakor F, Salamat F, Mansoori S. Comparison of sexual dysfunction in women with infertility and without infertility referred to Al-Zahra Hospital in 2013-2014. Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd). 2016;14(2):117-24.
51. Alirezaee S, Ozgoli G, Majd HA. Comparison of sexual self-efficacy and sexual function in fertile and infertile women referred to health centers in Mashhad in 1392. Pejouhandeh Journal. 2014;19(3):131-6.
52. Jamali S, Zarei H, Rasekh Jahromi A. The relationship between body mass index and sexual function in infertile women: A cross-sectional survey. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(3):189-98.
53. Zare Z, Amirian M, Golmakani N, Mazlom R, Ahangar ML. Sexual dysfunction in infertile women. Int J Reprod Biomed (Yazd) .2016;14(2):89-94.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 1 (2020) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v15i1.2441 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Infertility Psychological Health Sociopsychological Consequences Systematic Review | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Zarif Golbar Yazdi H, Aghamohammadian Sharbaf H, Kareshki H, Amirian M. Infertility and Psychological and Social Health of Iranian Infertile Women: A Systematic Review. Iran J Psychiatry. 2020;15(1):67-79.
