Prevalence of Substance Use among Psychotic Patients and Determining Its Strongest Predictor
-
Seyedeh Bentolhoda Mousavi
,
Peter Higgs
,
Negar Piri
,
Ensieh Sadri
,
Matina Pourghasem
,
Sanaz Jafarzadeh Fakhari
,
Mehdi Noroozi
,
Mojtaba Miladinia
,
Elaheh Ahounbar
,
Asaad Sharhani
Abstract
Objective: Although comorbidity of psychotic disorders and substance use can lead to increase in mortality, less is known about the outbreak and predictors. Psychotic patients tend to be overlooked during assessment; hence, the possibility of an undertreated or missed condition such as increasing substance use. This investigation aimed to measure the prevalence of substance use in psychotic patients and to survey the powerful predictors.
Method: In a 1-year cross-sectional study, 311 psychotic patients were assessed using the Structured Interview Based on DSM-5 for diagnostic confirmation as well as questions surveying prevalence and possible predictors of substance use.
Results: Prevalence of substance use among psychotic patients was 37.9%. Several variables were identified as factors associated with drug abuse among the psychotic patients. These included male gender, younger age, being currently homeless, a history of imprisonment, and having family history of drug use. The strongest predictors of substance use, however, were family history of drug use, male gender, and being currently homelessness.
Conclusion: Policymakers should note the importance of substance use among psychotic patients. Developing active screening strategies and comprehensive preventive plans, especially in the high-risk population, is suggested.
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14. Amin-Esmaeili M, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Sharifi V, Hajebi A, Radgoodarzi R, Mojtabai R, et al. Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey. Addiction. 2016;111(10):1836-47.
15. Mokri A. Brief overview of the status of drug abuse in Iran. Arch Iranian Med 2002; 5 (3): 184–90.
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17. Razzaghi E, Rahimi A, Hosseini M, Chatterjee A. Rapid Situation Assessment (RSA) of drug abuse in Iran. Prevention Department, State Welfare Organization, Ministry of Health, IR of Iran and United Nations International Drug Control Program. 1999; Accses: https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=898df176-745d-440b-9b3b-2276f56c79cd.
18. Shadloo B, Amin-Esmaeili M, Haft-Baradaran M, Noroozi A, Ghorban-Jahromi R, Rahimi-Movaghar A. Use of amphetamine-type stimulants in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2004-2015: a review. East Mediterr Health J. 2017;23(3):245-56.
19. Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ. Methamphetamine psychosis: epidemiology and management. CNS Drugs. 2014;28(12):1115-26.
20. Cheng HG, Phillips MR, Li X, Zhang J, Shi Q, Xu G, et al. Co-occurrence of DSM-IV mental disorders and alcohol use disorder among adult Chinese males. Psychol Med. 2017;47(16):2811-22.
21. Chou SP, Lee HK, Cho MJ, Park JI, Dawson DA, Grant BF. Alcohol use disorders, nicotine dependence, and co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders in the United States and South Korea-a cross-national comparison. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36(4):654-62.
22. Amirabadizadeh A, Nezami H, Vaughn MG, Nakhaee S, Mehrpour O. Identifying Risk Factors for Drug Use in an Iranian Treatment Sample: A Prediction Approach Using Decision Trees. Subst Use Misuse. 2018;53(6):1030-40.
23. Alavi SS, Mehrdad R, Makarem J. Prevalence of substance abuse/alcohol consumption and their predictors among patients admitted in operating rooms of a General Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran. AJPRHC. 2016;8(1):63.
24. Koskinen J, Löhönen J, Koponen H, Isohanni M, Miettunen J. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36(6):1115-30.
25. Kuepper R, van Os J, Lieb R, Wittchen HU, Höfler M, Henquet C. Continued cannabis use and risk of incidence and persistence of psychotic symptoms:10-year follow-up cohort study. Bmj. 2011;342:d738.
26. McCutcheon VV, Agrawal A, Kuo SI, Su J, Dick DM, Meyers JL, et al. Associations of parental alcohol use disorders and parental separation with offspring initiation of alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use and sexual debut in high-risk families. Addiction. 2018;113(2):336-45.
27. Bierut LJ, Dinwiddie SH, Begleiter H, Crowe RR, Hesselbrock V, Nurnberger JI, Jr., et al. Familial transmission of substance dependence: alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and habitual smoking: a report from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55(11):982-8.
28. ASHERY, R.; ROBERTSON, E.; and KUMPFER, K., eds. Drug Abuse Prevention Through Family Interventions. NIDA Research Monograph Number 177, Pub. No. 99–4135. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1998.
2. Hunt GE, Malhi GS, Cleary M, Lai HM, Sitharthan T. Prevalence of comorbid bipolar and substance use disorders in clinical settings, 1990-2015: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2016;206:331-49.
3. Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ. Methamphetamine psychosis: epidemiology and management. CNS Drugs. 2014;28(12):1115-26.
4. Arciniegas DB. Psychosis. Continuum (Minneap Minn). Behav Neurol 2015 Jun;21(3):715-36.
5. McKetin R, Baker AL, Dawe S, Voce A, Lubman DI. Differences in the symptom profile of methamphetamine-related psychosis and primary psychotic disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2017; 251:349-54.
6. Voce A, Calabria B, Burns R, Castle D, McKetin R. A Systematic Review of the Symptom Profile and Course of Methamphetamine-Associated Psychosis(Substance Use and Misuse). Subst Use Misuse. 2019;54(4):549-59.
7. Gaebel W, Zielasek J. Focus on psychosis. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17(1):9-18.
8. Silver, J. M. (2006). Behavioral neurology and neuropsychiatry is a subspecialty, Am Neuropsych Assoc.Reginsson GW, Ingason A, Euesden J, Bjornsdottir G, Olafsson S, Sigurdsson E, et al. Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder associate with addiction. Addict Biol. 2018;23(1):485-92.
9. Rabinowitz J, Berardo CG, Bugarski-Kirola D, Marder S. Association of prominent positive and prominent negative symptoms and functional health, well-being, healthcare-related quality of life and family burden: a CATIE analysis. Schizophr Res. 2013;150(2-3):339-42.
10. Suetani S, Rosenbaum S, Scott JG, Curtis J, Ward PB. Bridging the gap: What have we done and what more can we do to reduce the burden of avoidable death in people with psychotic illness? Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2016;25(3):205-10.
11. Lally J, Ajnakina O, Stubbs B, Cullinane M, Murphy KC, Gaughran F, et al. Remission and recovery from first-episode psychosis in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term outcome studies. Br J Psychiatry. 2017;211(6):350-8.
12. Hunt GE, Malhi GS, Cleary M, Lai HM, Sitharthan T. Comorbidity of bipolar and substance use disorders in national surveys of general populations, 1990-2015: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2016;206:321-30.
13. Messer T, Lammers G, Müller-Siecheneder F, Schmidt RF, Latifi S. Substance abuse in patients with bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2017;253:338-50.
14. Amin-Esmaeili M, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Sharifi V, Hajebi A, Radgoodarzi R, Mojtabai R, et al. Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders in Iran: prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and service utilization results from the Iranian Mental Health Survey. Addiction. 2016;111(10):1836-47.
15. Mokri A. Brief overview of the status of drug abuse in Iran. Arch Iranian Med 2002; 5 (3): 184–90.
16. Noori R, Daneshmand R, Farhoudian A, Ghaderi S, Aryanfard S, Moradi A. Amphetamine-type stimulants in a group of adults in Tehran, Iran: a rapid situation assessment in twenty-two districts. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. 2016;;10(4):e7734.
17. Razzaghi E, Rahimi A, Hosseini M, Chatterjee A. Rapid Situation Assessment (RSA) of drug abuse in Iran. Prevention Department, State Welfare Organization, Ministry of Health, IR of Iran and United Nations International Drug Control Program. 1999; Accses: https://www.scienceopen.com/document?vid=898df176-745d-440b-9b3b-2276f56c79cd.
18. Shadloo B, Amin-Esmaeili M, Haft-Baradaran M, Noroozi A, Ghorban-Jahromi R, Rahimi-Movaghar A. Use of amphetamine-type stimulants in the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2004-2015: a review. East Mediterr Health J. 2017;23(3):245-56.
19. Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ. Methamphetamine psychosis: epidemiology and management. CNS Drugs. 2014;28(12):1115-26.
20. Cheng HG, Phillips MR, Li X, Zhang J, Shi Q, Xu G, et al. Co-occurrence of DSM-IV mental disorders and alcohol use disorder among adult Chinese males. Psychol Med. 2017;47(16):2811-22.
21. Chou SP, Lee HK, Cho MJ, Park JI, Dawson DA, Grant BF. Alcohol use disorders, nicotine dependence, and co-occurring mood and anxiety disorders in the United States and South Korea-a cross-national comparison. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36(4):654-62.
22. Amirabadizadeh A, Nezami H, Vaughn MG, Nakhaee S, Mehrpour O. Identifying Risk Factors for Drug Use in an Iranian Treatment Sample: A Prediction Approach Using Decision Trees. Subst Use Misuse. 2018;53(6):1030-40.
23. Alavi SS, Mehrdad R, Makarem J. Prevalence of substance abuse/alcohol consumption and their predictors among patients admitted in operating rooms of a General Educational Hospital, Tehran, Iran. AJPRHC. 2016;8(1):63.
24. Koskinen J, Löhönen J, Koponen H, Isohanni M, Miettunen J. Rate of cannabis use disorders in clinical samples of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36(6):1115-30.
25. Kuepper R, van Os J, Lieb R, Wittchen HU, Höfler M, Henquet C. Continued cannabis use and risk of incidence and persistence of psychotic symptoms:10-year follow-up cohort study. Bmj. 2011;342:d738.
26. McCutcheon VV, Agrawal A, Kuo SI, Su J, Dick DM, Meyers JL, et al. Associations of parental alcohol use disorders and parental separation with offspring initiation of alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use and sexual debut in high-risk families. Addiction. 2018;113(2):336-45.
27. Bierut LJ, Dinwiddie SH, Begleiter H, Crowe RR, Hesselbrock V, Nurnberger JI, Jr., et al. Familial transmission of substance dependence: alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and habitual smoking: a report from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55(11):982-8.
28. ASHERY, R.; ROBERTSON, E.; and KUMPFER, K., eds. Drug Abuse Prevention Through Family Interventions. NIDA Research Monograph Number 177, Pub. No. 99–4135. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1998.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16 No 2 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v16i2.5812 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Psychiatry Substance-Related Disorders Mental Disorders | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mousavi SB, Higgs P, Piri N, Sadri E, Pourghasem M, Jafarzadeh Fakhari S, Noroozi M, Miladinia M, Ahounbar E, Sharhani A. Prevalence of Substance Use among Psychotic Patients and Determining Its Strongest Predictor. Iran J Psychiatry. 2021;16(2):124-130.
