Designing the Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI) Based on Iranian Culture and Evaluation of Its Psychometric Properties
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Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the revised Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI), with emphasis on Iranian culture.
Method: The statistical sample consisted of 341 married students studying in Tehran universities in the academic year 2018-2019, who were selected by available sampling method. The New ROCI, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Relationship beliefs inventory (RBI) were the tools of the present study.
Results: The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the new ROCI were good. Also, there was a significant and negative correlation between all subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with all subscales and the total score of the DAS, and there was also a significant positive correlation between the subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with the subscales and the total score of OBQ, OCI-R, RBI, and DASS. Also, the two factor model explained 54.50% of the variance in the new ROCI. Furthermore, all of the confirmatory factor analysis indices of the new ROCI were better than the original ROCI. The results of test-retest correlation of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. Also, the Cronbach's alpha of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.60 and 0.74, respectively.
Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the new ROCI was different from the original ROCI, and the new ROCI had better indicators than the original ROCI.
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2. Hollander E, Greenwald S, Neville D, Johnson J, Hornig CD, Weissman MM. Uncomplicated and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder in an epidemiologic sample. Depress Anxiety. 1996;4(3):111-9.
3. Hollander E, Wong CM. Introduction: obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. J Clin Psychiatry.1995;56:3-6.
4. McElroy SL, Phillips KA, Keck PE. Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994;55:33-51.
5. Khanjani Washki S, Shafiabadi A, Farzad V, Fatehizadeh M. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Couple Therapy on the Marital Quality of Conflict Couples in Isfahan. J Behav Sci Res. 2016; 14 (4): 471-464.
6. Rapp AM, Bergman RL, Piacentini J, McGuire JF. Evidence-Based Assessment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2016;8:13-29.
7. Mohammadzadeh A. Validation of Saving Inventory-Revised (SI-R): compulsive hoarding measure. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2009;15(1):33-41.
8. Khoramdel K, Rabiee M, Molavi H, Neshatdoost HT. Psychometric properties of thought fusion instrument (TFI) in Students. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2010;16(1):74-8.
9. Khorramdel K, Rashid S, Brahmand O, Abolghasemi, A. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Hoarding Rating Scale-Interview (HRS-I) in a Clinical Sample. Ebnesina. 2016;19(2):28-36. (Persian)
10. Zanjani Z, Yaghobi H, Shaeeri MR, Fata L. Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory–Mental Contamination Scale (VOCI-MC). 2016;7(24):39-54.
11. Doron G, Derby DS, Szepsenwol O. Relationship obsessive compulsive disorder (ROCD): A conceptual framework. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2014;3(2):169-80.
12. Doron G, Derby DS, Szepsenwol O, Talmor D. Tainted love: Exploring relationship-centered obsessive compulsive symptoms in two non-clinical cohorts. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2012;1(1):16-24.
13. Trak E, İnözü M. A New Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Type: The Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Forms of Relationship Obsessions and Compulsions Inventory and Partner-Related Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Inventory. 2017; 20:171-85.
14. Doron G, Derby D, Szepsenwol O, Nahaloni E, Moulding R. Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Interference, Symptoms, and Maladaptive Beliefs. Front Psychiatry. 2016;7(58):1-9.
15. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 20:22-33;quiz 4-57.
16. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, Wheaton MG, Berman NC, Losardo D, et al. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: development and evaluation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(1):180-98.
17. McKay D, Abramowitz JS, Calamari JE, Kyrios M, Radomsky A, Sookman D, et al. A critical evaluation of obsessive-compulsive disorder subtypes: symptoms versus mechanisms. Clin Psychol Rev. 2004;24(3):283-313.
18. Deacon BJ, Abramowitz JS. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: factor analysis, construct validity, and suggestions for refinement. J Anxiety Disord. 2005;19(5):573-85.
19. Kim SW, Dysken MW, Pheley AM, Hoover KM. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: measures of internal consistency. Psychiatry Res. 1994;51(2):203-11.
20. McKay D, Neziroglu F, Stevens K, Yaryura-Tobias JA. The Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale: confirmatory factor analytic findings. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 1998;20(3):265-74.
21. Amir N, Foa EB, Coles ME. Factor structure of the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 1997;9(3):312-16.
22. Eshun S, Gurung RA. Culture and mental health: Sociocultural influences, theory, and practice: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
23. Alegria M, Takeuchi D, Canino G, Duan N, Shrout P, Meng XL, et al. Considering context, place and culture: the National Latino and Asian American Study. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2004;13(4):208-20.
24. Sharifi V, Mesgarpour B, Basirnia A, Amin Esmaeili M, Farhoudian A, Amini H, Mohammadi MR. The quality of psychiatric disorders prevalence studies in Iran. Iran Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2012;18(2):138-149.
25. Ghomian S, Shaeiri MR, Farahani H. Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Symptoms, Causes and Consequences. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. (In press).
26. Foa EB, Kozak MJ, Salkovskis PM, Coles ME, N A. The validation of a New Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale: the obsessive-compulsive inventory. Psychol Assess. 1998;10(3):206-14.
27. Huppert JD, Walther MR, Hajcak G, Yadin E, Foa EB, Simpson HB, et al. The OCI-R: validation of the subscales in a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(3):394-406.
28. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, Wheaton MG, Berman NC, Losardo D, et al. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: development and evaluation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(1):180-98.
29. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ. Psychometric properties and construct validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory--Revised: Replication and extension with a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord. 2006;20(8):1016-35.
30. Hajcak G, Huppert JD, Simons RF, Foa EB. Psychometric properties of the OCI-R in a college sample. Behav Res Ther. 2004;42(1):115-23.
31. Mohammadi A, Zamani R, L F. Validity and reliability of Revised version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) in the student population. Psychol Res. 2008;11(1&2):66-77.
32. Development and initial validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory. Behav Res Ther. 2001;39(8):987-1006.
33. Shams G, Karam Ghadiri N, Ismaeili Torkanburi Y, Ebrahimkhani N. Validity and Reliability of the Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44). J Cogn Sci. 2004;6 (1 and 2): 36-36. (Persian)
34. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33(3):335-43.
35. Asghari Mghdam MA, Saed F, Dibajnia P, J Z. Preliminary Evaluation of Reliability and Reliability of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) in non-clinical samples. J Clin Psychol Pers. 2008;15(21):23-38.
36. Spanier GB. Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. J Marriage Fam. 1976:15-28.
37. Sharpley C, Cross DG. A psychometric evaluation of the Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale. J Marriage Fam. 1982:739-41.
38. Spanier GB, Thompson L. A confirmatory analysis of the dyadic adjustment scale. J Marriage Fam. 1982:731-8.
39. Molazadeh JM. Relationship between marital adjustment and personality factors and coping styles in control children: Tarbiat Modarres University; 2002.
40. Eidelson RJ, Epstein N. Cognition and relationship maladjustment development of a measure of dysfunctional relationship beliefs. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50(5):715-20.
41. Mazaheri MA, HR PE. The scale of relational beliefs Tehran: Family Research Institute of Shahid Beheshti University; 2001.
42. Dehshiri GH. D. Comparing the beliefs of women referring to judicial centers and women wishing to continue living in Tehran. J Res fam. 2005;1(2):13-24.
43. Field A. Discovering Statistics using SPSS for Windows. London – Thousand Oaks – New Delhi: Sage publications; 2000.
44. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. [Using multivariate statistics[. 5rded. Boston: Pearson Education; 2007. p.1-1008.
45. Hooman HA. Analysis of Multivariate Data in Behavioral Research. Tehran: Parsa Publications; 2001.
46. Brown TA. Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. Guilford Press: New York, London; 2006.
47. Szepsenwol O, Shahar B, Doron G. Letting it linger: Exploring the longitudinal effects of relationship-related obsessive-compulsive phenomena. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2016;11:101-4.
48. Foa EB, Kozak MJ, Salkovskis PM, Coles ME, Amir N. The validation of a new obsessive–compulsive disorder scale: The Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory. Psychol Assess. 1998;10(3):206-14.
49. Čikeš AB, Marić D, Šincek D. Emotional intelligence and marital quality: Dyadic data on Croatian sample. Studia psychologica. 2018;60(2):108-22.
50. Alimardani Soumee S, Narimani M, Mikaeili N, Basharpour S. The role of uncertainty tolerance and emotion regulation in predicting marital satisfaction in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Educ Cult J Wom Fam. 2015;11(37):151-133. (Persian)
51. Mohammadi Z. Determining the relationship between marital adjustment, early maladaptive schemas, and defense mechanisms with OCD. Master's Degree in Psychology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran; 2014. (Persian)
52. Doron G, Talmora D, Szepsenwola O, Derby D. Relationshiprelated obsessive-compulsive phenomena: The case of relationship-centred and partner-focused obsessive compulsive symptoms. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale. 2012;18(3):71-82.
53. Angst J, Gamma A, Endrass J, Goodwin R, Ajdacic V, Eich D, et al. Obsessive-compulsive severity spectrum in the community: prevalence, comorbidity, and course. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;254(3):156-64.
54. Koran LM. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2000;23(3):509-17.
55. Boeding SE, Paprocki CM, Baucom DH, Abramowitz JS, Wheaton MG, Fabricant LE, et al. Let me check that for you: symptom accommodation in romantic partners of adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2013;51(6):316-22.
56. Brown TA, Dowdal DJ, Cote G. Worry and obsessions. Bahav Res Ther. 1994; 23:263-278.
57. Zinbarg RE, Barlow DH. Structure of anxiety and the anxiety disorders: a hierarchical model. J Abnorm Psychol. 1996;105(2):181-93.
58. Farid BT. Obsessional symptomatology and adverse mood states. Br J Psychiatry. 1986;149:108-12.
59. Koran LM, Thienemann ML, Davenport R. Quality of life for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153(6):783-8.
60. Lochner C, Mogotsi M, du Toit PL, Kaminer D, Niehaus DJ, Stein DJ. Quality of life in anxiety disorders: a comparison of obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Psychopathology. 2003;36(5):255-62.
61. Rodriguez-Salgado B, Dolengevich-Segal H, Arrojo-Romero M, Castelli-Candia P, Navio-Acosta M, Perez-Rodriguez MM, et al. Perceived quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: related factors. BMC Psychiatry. 2006;6:20.
62. Stengler-Wenzke K, Kroll M, Riedel-Heller S, Matschinger H, Angermeyer MC. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: the different impact of obsessions and compulsions. Psychopathology. 2007;40(5):282-9.
63. Demal U, Lenz G, Mayrhofer A, Zapotoczky H-G, Zitterl W. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. Psychopathology. 1993;26(3-4):145-50.
64. Sasson Y, Zohar J, Chopra M, Lustig M, Iancu I, Hendler T. Epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a world view. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58 Suppl 12:7-10.
65. Apter A, Horesh N, Gothelf D, Zalsman G, Erlich Z, Soreni N, et al. Depression and suicidal behavior in adolescent inpatients with obsessive compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2003;75(2):181-9.
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2. Hollander E, Greenwald S, Neville D, Johnson J, Hornig CD, Weissman MM. Uncomplicated and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder in an epidemiologic sample. Depress Anxiety. 1996;4(3):111-9.
3. Hollander E, Wong CM. Introduction: obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. J Clin Psychiatry.1995;56:3-6.
4. McElroy SL, Phillips KA, Keck PE. Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994;55:33-51.
5. Khanjani Washki S, Shafiabadi A, Farzad V, Fatehizadeh M. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Couple Therapy on the Marital Quality of Conflict Couples in Isfahan. J Behav Sci Res. 2016; 14 (4): 471-464.
6. Rapp AM, Bergman RL, Piacentini J, McGuire JF. Evidence-Based Assessment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2016;8:13-29.
7. Mohammadzadeh A. Validation of Saving Inventory-Revised (SI-R): compulsive hoarding measure. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2009;15(1):33-41.
8. Khoramdel K, Rabiee M, Molavi H, Neshatdoost HT. Psychometric properties of thought fusion instrument (TFI) in Students. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2010;16(1):74-8.
9. Khorramdel K, Rashid S, Brahmand O, Abolghasemi, A. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Hoarding Rating Scale-Interview (HRS-I) in a Clinical Sample. Ebnesina. 2016;19(2):28-36. (Persian)
10. Zanjani Z, Yaghobi H, Shaeeri MR, Fata L. Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory–Mental Contamination Scale (VOCI-MC). 2016;7(24):39-54.
11. Doron G, Derby DS, Szepsenwol O. Relationship obsessive compulsive disorder (ROCD): A conceptual framework. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2014;3(2):169-80.
12. Doron G, Derby DS, Szepsenwol O, Talmor D. Tainted love: Exploring relationship-centered obsessive compulsive symptoms in two non-clinical cohorts. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2012;1(1):16-24.
13. Trak E, İnözü M. A New Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Type: The Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Forms of Relationship Obsessions and Compulsions Inventory and Partner-Related Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Inventory. 2017; 20:171-85.
14. Doron G, Derby D, Szepsenwol O, Nahaloni E, Moulding R. Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Interference, Symptoms, and Maladaptive Beliefs. Front Psychiatry. 2016;7(58):1-9.
15. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 20:22-33;quiz 4-57.
16. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, Wheaton MG, Berman NC, Losardo D, et al. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: development and evaluation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(1):180-98.
17. McKay D, Abramowitz JS, Calamari JE, Kyrios M, Radomsky A, Sookman D, et al. A critical evaluation of obsessive-compulsive disorder subtypes: symptoms versus mechanisms. Clin Psychol Rev. 2004;24(3):283-313.
18. Deacon BJ, Abramowitz JS. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: factor analysis, construct validity, and suggestions for refinement. J Anxiety Disord. 2005;19(5):573-85.
19. Kim SW, Dysken MW, Pheley AM, Hoover KM. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: measures of internal consistency. Psychiatry Res. 1994;51(2):203-11.
20. McKay D, Neziroglu F, Stevens K, Yaryura-Tobias JA. The Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale: confirmatory factor analytic findings. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 1998;20(3):265-74.
21. Amir N, Foa EB, Coles ME. Factor structure of the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 1997;9(3):312-16.
22. Eshun S, Gurung RA. Culture and mental health: Sociocultural influences, theory, and practice: John Wiley & Sons; 2009.
23. Alegria M, Takeuchi D, Canino G, Duan N, Shrout P, Meng XL, et al. Considering context, place and culture: the National Latino and Asian American Study. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2004;13(4):208-20.
24. Sharifi V, Mesgarpour B, Basirnia A, Amin Esmaeili M, Farhoudian A, Amini H, Mohammadi MR. The quality of psychiatric disorders prevalence studies in Iran. Iran Psychiatry Clin Psychol. 2012;18(2):138-149.
25. Ghomian S, Shaeiri MR, Farahani H. Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Symptoms, Causes and Consequences. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. (In press).
26. Foa EB, Kozak MJ, Salkovskis PM, Coles ME, N A. The validation of a New Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale: the obsessive-compulsive inventory. Psychol Assess. 1998;10(3):206-14.
27. Huppert JD, Walther MR, Hajcak G, Yadin E, Foa EB, Simpson HB, et al. The OCI-R: validation of the subscales in a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(3):394-406.
28. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, Wheaton MG, Berman NC, Losardo D, et al. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: development and evaluation of the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(1):180-98.
29. Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ. Psychometric properties and construct validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory--Revised: Replication and extension with a clinical sample. J Anxiety Disord. 2006;20(8):1016-35.
30. Hajcak G, Huppert JD, Simons RF, Foa EB. Psychometric properties of the OCI-R in a college sample. Behav Res Ther. 2004;42(1):115-23.
31. Mohammadi A, Zamani R, L F. Validity and reliability of Revised version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) in the student population. Psychol Res. 2008;11(1&2):66-77.
32. Development and initial validation of the obsessive beliefs questionnaire and the interpretation of intrusions inventory. Behav Res Ther. 2001;39(8):987-1006.
33. Shams G, Karam Ghadiri N, Ismaeili Torkanburi Y, Ebrahimkhani N. Validity and Reliability of the Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44). J Cogn Sci. 2004;6 (1 and 2): 36-36. (Persian)
34. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33(3):335-43.
35. Asghari Mghdam MA, Saed F, Dibajnia P, J Z. Preliminary Evaluation of Reliability and Reliability of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) in non-clinical samples. J Clin Psychol Pers. 2008;15(21):23-38.
36. Spanier GB. Measuring dyadic adjustment: New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. J Marriage Fam. 1976:15-28.
37. Sharpley C, Cross DG. A psychometric evaluation of the Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale. J Marriage Fam. 1982:739-41.
38. Spanier GB, Thompson L. A confirmatory analysis of the dyadic adjustment scale. J Marriage Fam. 1982:731-8.
39. Molazadeh JM. Relationship between marital adjustment and personality factors and coping styles in control children: Tarbiat Modarres University; 2002.
40. Eidelson RJ, Epstein N. Cognition and relationship maladjustment development of a measure of dysfunctional relationship beliefs. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1982;50(5):715-20.
41. Mazaheri MA, HR PE. The scale of relational beliefs Tehran: Family Research Institute of Shahid Beheshti University; 2001.
42. Dehshiri GH. D. Comparing the beliefs of women referring to judicial centers and women wishing to continue living in Tehran. J Res fam. 2005;1(2):13-24.
43. Field A. Discovering Statistics using SPSS for Windows. London – Thousand Oaks – New Delhi: Sage publications; 2000.
44. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. [Using multivariate statistics[. 5rded. Boston: Pearson Education; 2007. p.1-1008.
45. Hooman HA. Analysis of Multivariate Data in Behavioral Research. Tehran: Parsa Publications; 2001.
46. Brown TA. Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. Guilford Press: New York, London; 2006.
47. Szepsenwol O, Shahar B, Doron G. Letting it linger: Exploring the longitudinal effects of relationship-related obsessive-compulsive phenomena. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2016;11:101-4.
48. Foa EB, Kozak MJ, Salkovskis PM, Coles ME, Amir N. The validation of a new obsessive–compulsive disorder scale: The Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory. Psychol Assess. 1998;10(3):206-14.
49. Čikeš AB, Marić D, Šincek D. Emotional intelligence and marital quality: Dyadic data on Croatian sample. Studia psychologica. 2018;60(2):108-22.
50. Alimardani Soumee S, Narimani M, Mikaeili N, Basharpour S. The role of uncertainty tolerance and emotion regulation in predicting marital satisfaction in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Educ Cult J Wom Fam. 2015;11(37):151-133. (Persian)
51. Mohammadi Z. Determining the relationship between marital adjustment, early maladaptive schemas, and defense mechanisms with OCD. Master's Degree in Psychology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran; 2014. (Persian)
52. Doron G, Talmora D, Szepsenwola O, Derby D. Relationshiprelated obsessive-compulsive phenomena: The case of relationship-centred and partner-focused obsessive compulsive symptoms. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale. 2012;18(3):71-82.
53. Angst J, Gamma A, Endrass J, Goodwin R, Ajdacic V, Eich D, et al. Obsessive-compulsive severity spectrum in the community: prevalence, comorbidity, and course. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;254(3):156-64.
54. Koran LM. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2000;23(3):509-17.
55. Boeding SE, Paprocki CM, Baucom DH, Abramowitz JS, Wheaton MG, Fabricant LE, et al. Let me check that for you: symptom accommodation in romantic partners of adults with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Behav Res Ther. 2013;51(6):316-22.
56. Brown TA, Dowdal DJ, Cote G. Worry and obsessions. Bahav Res Ther. 1994; 23:263-278.
57. Zinbarg RE, Barlow DH. Structure of anxiety and the anxiety disorders: a hierarchical model. J Abnorm Psychol. 1996;105(2):181-93.
58. Farid BT. Obsessional symptomatology and adverse mood states. Br J Psychiatry. 1986;149:108-12.
59. Koran LM, Thienemann ML, Davenport R. Quality of life for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153(6):783-8.
60. Lochner C, Mogotsi M, du Toit PL, Kaminer D, Niehaus DJ, Stein DJ. Quality of life in anxiety disorders: a comparison of obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Psychopathology. 2003;36(5):255-62.
61. Rodriguez-Salgado B, Dolengevich-Segal H, Arrojo-Romero M, Castelli-Candia P, Navio-Acosta M, Perez-Rodriguez MM, et al. Perceived quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: related factors. BMC Psychiatry. 2006;6:20.
62. Stengler-Wenzke K, Kroll M, Riedel-Heller S, Matschinger H, Angermeyer MC. Quality of life in obsessive-compulsive disorder: the different impact of obsessions and compulsions. Psychopathology. 2007;40(5):282-9.
63. Demal U, Lenz G, Mayrhofer A, Zapotoczky H-G, Zitterl W. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. Psychopathology. 1993;26(3-4):145-50.
64. Sasson Y, Zohar J, Chopra M, Lustig M, Iancu I, Hendler T. Epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a world view. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58 Suppl 12:7-10.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16 No 4 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v16i4.7229 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Culture Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptom Assessment | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Ghomian S, Shaeiri MR, Farahani H. Designing the Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI) Based on Iranian Culture and Evaluation of Its Psychometric Properties. Iran J Psychiatry. 2021;16(4):418-429.
