Happiness and Internet Addiction among High School Girls in Iran: A Single-Center Experience
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Abstract
Objective: Happiness is an essential component in measuring quality of life. Today, rapid internet use proliferation has led to adverse effects on this behavior of individuals and family structures.
Method: The statistical population consisted of 500 high school girls aged between 15 and 18 studying in 10th, 11th, and 12th grades at Shiraz, Iran, from February 2018 to March 2019. The data were collected using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT). The test and the questionnaire were translated into Persian. The validity and reliability were approved by earlier studies in Iran. Five hundred high school students participated in the study.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.7 ± 0.97 years, and their grade point average (GPA) was 18.41 ± 7.92. Among the 500 participants, 55% (275) of fathers and 65.8% (329) of mothers had parents with a diploma degree, and 162 (32.4%) were affected by Internet Addiction (IA). The univariate analysis showed that participants' education field, parents' educational status, each parent's vocational status, participants' GPA, and their duration of Internet usage correlated with the IA (P ≤ 0.2). Furthermore, multiple logistic analyses showed that mothers’ education (P < 0.055) and participants’ minutes of Internet usage (P < 0.001) correlated with IA.
Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between happiness score and internet addiction among high school female students in Shiraz, Iran.
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31. Fumero A, Marrero RJ, Voltes D, Penate W. Personal and social factors involved in internet addiction among adolescents: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior. 2018 Sep 1;86:387-400.
32. Grover S, Sahoo S, Bhalla A, Avasthi A. Problematic internet use and its correlates among resident doctors of a tertiary care hospital of North India: A cross-sectional study. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 1;39:42-7.
33. Akın A. The relationships between Internet addiction, subjective vitality, and subjective happiness. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2012 Aug 1;15(8):404-10.
34. Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, Cummings J, Helgeson V, Crawford A. Internet paradox revisited. Journal of social issues. 2002 Jan;58(1):49-74.
35. Dargahi H, Razavi SM. Internet addiction and its related factors: A study of an Iranian population. Payesh (Health Monitor). 2007 Jun 15;6(3):0-0.
2. Bustamante JG, Del Barco BL, Barona EG. Emotional intelligence and happiness in the learning process. Revista de Estilos de Aprendizaje. 2015 Apr 30;8(15).
3. Ansari H, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Mohammadi M, Peyvand M, Amani Z, Arbabisarjou A. Internet addiction and happiness among medical sciences students in southeastern Iran. Health Scope. 2016 May 1;5(2).
4. Chui WH, Wong MY. Gender differences in happiness and life satisfaction among adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and self-concept. Social Indicators Research. 2016 Feb;125(3):1035-51.
5. Lee CS, Shin MH, Myoung HR, Choi K, Jang HY. The Influence of Adolescent’s Domestic Abuse Experience on Happiness: Dual Mediated Effect of Peer Relationship and Violence Experience. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. 2018 Feb;118(24).
6. Eckhaus E, Sheaffer Z. Happiness enrichment and sustainable happiness. Appl Res Qual Life. 2019;14(4):1079-97.
7. Tomlinson R, Keyfitz L, Rawana J, Lumley M. Unique contributions of positive schemas for understanding child and adolescent life satisfaction and happiness. J Happiness Stud. 2017;18(5):1255-74.
8. Chebbi P, Koong KS, Liu L, Rottman R. Some observations on internet addiction disorder research. J Inf Syst Edu. 2020;11(3):3-10.
9. Baturay MH, Toker S. Internet addiction among college students: Some causes and effects. Educ Inf Technol. 2019;24(5):2863-85.
10. Saikia AM, Das J, Barman P, Bharali MD. Internet Addiction and its Relationships with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Urban Adolescents of Kamrup District, Assam. J Family Community Med. 2019;26(2):108-12.
11. Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Broström A, Bülow PH, Bajalan Z, Griffiths MD, et al. Internet addiction and sleep problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2019;47:51-61.
12. Zhang MWB, Tran BX, Huong LT, Hinh ND, Nguyen HLT, Tho TD, et al. Internet addiction and sleep quality among Vietnamese youths. Asian J Psychiatr. 2017;28:15-20.
13. Hussain Z, Pontes HM. Personality, internet addiction, and other technological addictions: An update of the research literature. InMultifaceted approach to digital addiction and its treatment 2019 (pp. 46-72). IGI Global.
14. Hawi N, Samaha M. Identifying commonalities and differences in personality characteristics of Internet and social media addiction profiles: traits, self-esteem, and self-construal. Behav Inf Technol. 2019;38(2):110-9.
15. Kollamparambil U. Happiness, happiness inequality and income dynamics in South Africa. J Happiness Stud. 2020;21(1):201-22.
16. Tran TQ, Nguyen CV, Van Vu H. Does economic inequality affect the quality of life of older people in rural Vietnam. Journal of Happiness Studies. 2018 Mar;19(3):781-99.
17. Bedin LM, Sarriera JC. A comparative study of the subjective well-being of parents and adolescents considering gender, age and social class. Social Indicators Research. 2015 Jan;120(1):79-95.
18. Young KS. Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsycholoy & Behavior, 1, 237-244.
19. Mohammadsalehi N, Mohammadbeigi A, Jadidi R, Anbari Z, Ghaderi E, Akbari M. Psychometric Properties of the Persian Language Version of Yang Internet Addiction Questionnaire: An Explanatory Factor Analysis. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2015;4(3):e21560.
20. Hills P, Argyle M. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Pers Individ Dif. 2002;33(7):1073-82.
21. Alipour A, Heris MA. Reliability and validity of the oxford happiness inventory among iranians. Journal of Iranian Psychologists. 2007 Jan;3:287–298
22. Liaghatdar MJ, Jafari E, Abedi MR, Samiee F. Reliability and validity of the Oxford Happiness Inventory among university students in Iran. Span J Psychol. 2008;11(1):310-3.
23. Ridout B, Campbell A. The Use of Social Networking Sites in Mental Health Interventions for Young People: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018;20(12):e12244.
24. Dogan U, Kaya S. Mediation effects of Internet addiction on shame and social networking. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 2016;4(5):1037-42.
25. Dai Q. Gender, grade and personality differences in internet addiction and positive psychological health among Chinese college students. Primary Health Care. 2016;6(248):2167-1079.
26. Goldberg I. Internet Addiction Disorder. Retrieved November 24, 2004. 1996.
27. Sharma A, Sharma R. Internet addiction and psychological well-being among college students: A cross-sectional study from Central India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2018;7(1):147-51.
28. Barbosa Neves B, Fonseca JRS, Amaro F, Pasqualotti A. Social capital and Internet use in an age-comparative perspective with a focus on later life. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0192119.
29. Abd El-Kader RG, Hanson VF. Internet usage and its addiction level among students in a selected college in Ras Al Khaimah Emirate: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Studies in Nursing. 2019 Apr 15;4(2):7.
30. Smahel D, Brown BB, Blinka L. Associations between online friendship and Internet addiction among adolescents and emerging adults. Dev Psychol. 2012;48(2):381-8.
31. Fumero A, Marrero RJ, Voltes D, Penate W. Personal and social factors involved in internet addiction among adolescents: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior. 2018 Sep 1;86:387-400.
32. Grover S, Sahoo S, Bhalla A, Avasthi A. Problematic internet use and its correlates among resident doctors of a tertiary care hospital of North India: A cross-sectional study. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 1;39:42-7.
33. Akın A. The relationships between Internet addiction, subjective vitality, and subjective happiness. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 2012 Aug 1;15(8):404-10.
34. Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, Cummings J, Helgeson V, Crawford A. Internet paradox revisited. Journal of social issues. 2002 Jan;58(1):49-74.
35. Dargahi H, Razavi SM. Internet addiction and its related factors: A study of an Iranian population. Payesh (Health Monitor). 2007 Jun 15;6(3):0-0.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 17 No 4 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v17i4.10687 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Happiness Internet Addiction Disorder Students | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Rastegarian A, Bazrafshan A, Keshavarz P. Happiness and Internet Addiction among High School Girls in Iran: A Single-Center Experience. Iran J Psychiatry. 2022;17(4):388-394.
