The Effect of Brief Crisis Intervention Package on Improving Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with COVID-19
-
Hossein Gharaati Sotoudeh
,
Seyyed Salman Alavi
,
Zari Akbari
,
Fereshteh Jannatifard
,
Valentin Artounian
Abstract
Objective: COVID 19 is having a devastating effect on mankind’s life. Individuals with COVID-19 will experience high levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and low quality of life. The goals the of present study were to investigate the effect of brief crisis intervention package on stress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life in patient with COVID-19.
Method: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 30 patients were randomly selected and divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was examined in four 60-minute sessions for one month. During this period, the control group received only routine treatment and therapy. Before and after the intervention, DASS21, the Symptom Checklist (SCL-25), and WHO-QOL were used to measure and record patient mental health and quality of life. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS24 software.
Results: The average mental health score was assessed with WHO-QOL, DASS21, and SCL-25 before intervention and was not statistically significant (P = > 0.05), and the mean score of stress, anxiety, depression, WHO-QOL, SCL-25 after intervention was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Therefore, results showed the brief crisis intervention package was effective in improving the quality of life (P < 0.05) and mental illnesses (P < 0.05) in patients with COVID-19.
Conclusion: The brief crisis intervention package can reduce the negative effect of patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this intervention can be used as a beneficial treatment to improve mental disorder symptoms and to improve the condition of people who suffer from COVID-19.
1. Liu J, Zhu Q, Fan W, Makamure J, Zheng C, Wang J. Online Mental Health Survey in a Medical College in China During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:459.
2. Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Health. 2020;25(3):278-80.
3. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(13):1199-207.
4. Zhang Y, Ma ZF. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7).
5. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, McIntyre RS, et al. A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:40-8.
6. Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;52:102066.
7. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. J Anxiety Disord. 2020;70:102196.
8. Schneider F, Erhart M, Hewer W, Loeffler LA, Jacobi F. Mortality and Medical Comorbidity in the Severely Mentally Ill. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2019;116(23-24):405-11.
9. Kopala-Sibley DC, Danzig AP, Kotov R, Bromet EJ, Carlson GA, Olino TM, et al. Negative emotionality and its facets moderate the effects of exposure to Hurricane Sandy on children's postdisaster depression and anxiety symptoms. J Abnorm Psychol. 2016;125(4):471-81.
10. Leppin A, Aro AR. Risk perceptions related to SARS and avian influenza: theoretical foundations of current empirical research. Int J Behav Med. 2009;16(1):7-29.
11. Loh LC, Ali AM, Ang TH, Chelliah A. Impact of a spreading epidemic on medical students. Malays J Med Sci. 2005;12(2):43-9.
12. Chen R, Chou KR, Huang YJ, Wang TS, Liu SY, Ho LY. Effects of a SARS prevention programme in Taiwan on nursing staff's anxiety, depression and sleep quality: a longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006;43(2):215-25.
13. Yuan R, Xu QH, Xia CC, Lou CY, Xie Z, Ge QM, et al. Psychological status of parents of hospitalized children during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112953.
14. Banerjee D. The COVID-19 outbreak: Crucial role the psychiatrists can play. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;50:102014.
15. Tang W, Hu T, Hu B, Jin C, Wang G, Xie C, et al. Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students. J Affect Disord. 2020;274:1-7.
16. Berlim MT, Pavanello DP, Caldieraro MA, Fleck MP. Reliability and validity of the WHOQOL BREF in a sample of Brazilian outpatients with major depression. Qual Life Res. 2005;14(2):561-4.
17. Yousefy AR, Ghassemi GR, Sarrafzadegan N, Mallik S, Baghaei AM, Rabiei K. Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF in an Iranian adult sample. Community Ment Health J. 2010;46(2):139-47.
18. Le MTH, Tran TD, Holton S, Nguyen HT, Wolfe R, Fisher J. Reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the DASS-21 in a sample of Vietnamese adolescents. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0180557.
19. Ho CSH, Tan ELY, Ho RCM, Chiu MYL. Relationship of Anxiety and Depression with Respiratory Symptoms: Comparison between Depressed and Non-Depressed Smokers in Singapore. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(1).
20. Samani S, Jokar B. Investigating the validity and validity of the short form of the scale of depression, anxiety and stress. J Socl Sci Human, Shiraz University. 2007;26(3):65-75.
21. Tanhaye Reshvanloo F, Saadati Shamir A. Construct validity and reliability of Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25). J Fundamen of Ment Health. 2015;18(1):48-56.
22. Hansen P. Psychological First Aid For Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies(Module 2). Denmark: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; 2018.
23. Noroozi A.R. Brief Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention for Metamphetamin Abuser. Iran.UNODC. Iran: UNODC; 2014.
24. Wilczyńska D, Łysak-Radomska A, Podczarska-Głowacka M, Zajt J, Dornowski M, Skonieczny P. Evaluation of the effectiveness of relaxation in lowering the level of anxiety in young adults - a pilot study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):817-24.
25. Gok Metin Z, Karadas C, Izgu N, Ozdemir L, Demirci U. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation and mindfulness meditation on fatigue, coping styles, and quality of life in early breast cancer patients: An assessor blinded, three-arm, randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019;42:116-25.
26. Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2020;49(3):155-60.
27. Seyedi Chegeni P, Gholami M, Azargoon A, Hossein Pour AH, Birjandi M, Norollahi H. The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the management of fatigue and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:64-70.
28. Ferendiuk E, Biegańska JM, Kazana P, Pihut M. Progressive muscle relaxation according to Jacobson in treatment of the patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Folia Med Cracov. 2019;59(3):113-22.
29. Carlbring P, Andersson G, Cuijpers P, Riper H, Hedman-Lagerlöf E. Internet-based vs. face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Cogn Behav Ther. 2018;47(1):1-18.
30. Jeong H, Yim HW, Song YJ, Ki M, Min JA, Cho J, et al. Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016048.
31. Zandifar A, Badrfam R. Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;51:101990.
32. Dubey S, Biswas P, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, et al. Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(5):779-88.
33. McMains. M. J., Mullins.W.C.. . "Crisis negotiations". Matthew Bender & Company, Inc 2010.
34. Ahmadi Kh. Strategy of psychological intervention in disaster crisis. Journal Mil Med. 2004;6(1):45-51.
35. Mohammadi MR, Alavi SS, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Kamali K, Ahmadi A, et al. The prevalence, comorbidity and socio-demographic factors of depressive disorder among Iranian children and adolescents: To identify the main predictors of depression. J Affect Disord. 2019;247:1-10.
36. Alavi SS, Ghanizadeh M, Farahani M, Jannatifard F, Esmaili Alamuti S, Mohammadi MR. Addictive Use of Smartphones and Mental Disorders in University Students. Iran J Psychiatry. 2020;15(2):96-104.
37. Peyravi H, Alavi SS, Ghanizadeh M. The Effect of Compliance with Group Therapy on Quality of Life, Global Function and Care after Treatment in Opium Addicted under MMT (Methadone Maintanence Therapy). Iran J Nursing. 2018;30(110):45-57.
38. Farahani M, Alavi SS, Mirzamani Bafghi M, Esmaili Alamuti S, Taghavi Z, Mohammadi M. Psychological Factors Including Demographic Features, Mental Illnesses, and Personality Disorders as Predictors in Internet Addiction Disorder. Iran J psychiatry. 2018;13(2):103-10.
2. Velavan TP, Meyer CG. The COVID-19 epidemic. Trop Med Int Health. 2020;25(3):278-80.
3. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(13):1199-207.
4. Zhang Y, Ma ZF. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7).
5. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, McIntyre RS, et al. A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:40-8.
6. Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;52:102066.
7. Asmundson GJG, Taylor S. Coronaphobia: Fear and the 2019-nCoV outbreak. J Anxiety Disord. 2020;70:102196.
8. Schneider F, Erhart M, Hewer W, Loeffler LA, Jacobi F. Mortality and Medical Comorbidity in the Severely Mentally Ill. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2019;116(23-24):405-11.
9. Kopala-Sibley DC, Danzig AP, Kotov R, Bromet EJ, Carlson GA, Olino TM, et al. Negative emotionality and its facets moderate the effects of exposure to Hurricane Sandy on children's postdisaster depression and anxiety symptoms. J Abnorm Psychol. 2016;125(4):471-81.
10. Leppin A, Aro AR. Risk perceptions related to SARS and avian influenza: theoretical foundations of current empirical research. Int J Behav Med. 2009;16(1):7-29.
11. Loh LC, Ali AM, Ang TH, Chelliah A. Impact of a spreading epidemic on medical students. Malays J Med Sci. 2005;12(2):43-9.
12. Chen R, Chou KR, Huang YJ, Wang TS, Liu SY, Ho LY. Effects of a SARS prevention programme in Taiwan on nursing staff's anxiety, depression and sleep quality: a longitudinal survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006;43(2):215-25.
13. Yuan R, Xu QH, Xia CC, Lou CY, Xie Z, Ge QM, et al. Psychological status of parents of hospitalized children during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112953.
14. Banerjee D. The COVID-19 outbreak: Crucial role the psychiatrists can play. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;50:102014.
15. Tang W, Hu T, Hu B, Jin C, Wang G, Xie C, et al. Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students. J Affect Disord. 2020;274:1-7.
16. Berlim MT, Pavanello DP, Caldieraro MA, Fleck MP. Reliability and validity of the WHOQOL BREF in a sample of Brazilian outpatients with major depression. Qual Life Res. 2005;14(2):561-4.
17. Yousefy AR, Ghassemi GR, Sarrafzadegan N, Mallik S, Baghaei AM, Rabiei K. Psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-BREF in an Iranian adult sample. Community Ment Health J. 2010;46(2):139-47.
18. Le MTH, Tran TD, Holton S, Nguyen HT, Wolfe R, Fisher J. Reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the DASS-21 in a sample of Vietnamese adolescents. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0180557.
19. Ho CSH, Tan ELY, Ho RCM, Chiu MYL. Relationship of Anxiety and Depression with Respiratory Symptoms: Comparison between Depressed and Non-Depressed Smokers in Singapore. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(1).
20. Samani S, Jokar B. Investigating the validity and validity of the short form of the scale of depression, anxiety and stress. J Socl Sci Human, Shiraz University. 2007;26(3):65-75.
21. Tanhaye Reshvanloo F, Saadati Shamir A. Construct validity and reliability of Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25). J Fundamen of Ment Health. 2015;18(1):48-56.
22. Hansen P. Psychological First Aid For Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies(Module 2). Denmark: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies; 2018.
23. Noroozi A.R. Brief Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention for Metamphetamin Abuser. Iran.UNODC. Iran: UNODC; 2014.
24. Wilczyńska D, Łysak-Radomska A, Podczarska-Głowacka M, Zajt J, Dornowski M, Skonieczny P. Evaluation of the effectiveness of relaxation in lowering the level of anxiety in young adults - a pilot study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):817-24.
25. Gok Metin Z, Karadas C, Izgu N, Ozdemir L, Demirci U. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation and mindfulness meditation on fatigue, coping styles, and quality of life in early breast cancer patients: An assessor blinded, three-arm, randomized controlled trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019;42:116-25.
26. Ho CS, Chee CY, Ho RC. Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2020;49(3):155-60.
27. Seyedi Chegeni P, Gholami M, Azargoon A, Hossein Pour AH, Birjandi M, Norollahi H. The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the management of fatigue and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018;31:64-70.
28. Ferendiuk E, Biegańska JM, Kazana P, Pihut M. Progressive muscle relaxation according to Jacobson in treatment of the patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Folia Med Cracov. 2019;59(3):113-22.
29. Carlbring P, Andersson G, Cuijpers P, Riper H, Hedman-Lagerlöf E. Internet-based vs. face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Cogn Behav Ther. 2018;47(1):1-18.
30. Jeong H, Yim HW, Song YJ, Ki M, Min JA, Cho J, et al. Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiol Health. 2016;38:e2016048.
31. Zandifar A, Badrfam R. Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;51:101990.
32. Dubey S, Biswas P, Ghosh R, Chatterjee S, Dubey MJ, Chatterjee S, et al. Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(5):779-88.
33. McMains. M. J., Mullins.W.C.. . "Crisis negotiations". Matthew Bender & Company, Inc 2010.
34. Ahmadi Kh. Strategy of psychological intervention in disaster crisis. Journal Mil Med. 2004;6(1):45-51.
35. Mohammadi MR, Alavi SS, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Kamali K, Ahmadi A, et al. The prevalence, comorbidity and socio-demographic factors of depressive disorder among Iranian children and adolescents: To identify the main predictors of depression. J Affect Disord. 2019;247:1-10.
36. Alavi SS, Ghanizadeh M, Farahani M, Jannatifard F, Esmaili Alamuti S, Mohammadi MR. Addictive Use of Smartphones and Mental Disorders in University Students. Iran J Psychiatry. 2020;15(2):96-104.
37. Peyravi H, Alavi SS, Ghanizadeh M. The Effect of Compliance with Group Therapy on Quality of Life, Global Function and Care after Treatment in Opium Addicted under MMT (Methadone Maintanence Therapy). Iran J Nursing. 2018;30(110):45-57.
38. Farahani M, Alavi SS, Mirzamani Bafghi M, Esmaili Alamuti S, Taghavi Z, Mohammadi M. Psychological Factors Including Demographic Features, Mental Illnesses, and Personality Disorders as Predictors in Internet Addiction Disorder. Iran J psychiatry. 2018;13(2):103-10.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15 No 3 (2020) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v15i3.3812 | |
| PMCID | PMC7603589 | |
| PMID | 33193768 | |
| Keywords | ||
| COVID-19 Intervention Mental Disorders Quality of Life | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Gharaati Sotoudeh H, Alavi SS, Akbari Z, Jannatifard F, Artounian V. The Effect of Brief Crisis Intervention Package on Improving Quality of Life and Mental Health in Patients with COVID-19. Iran J Psychiatry. 2020;15(3):205-212.
