Original Article

Rate and Causes of Suicide in Ilam: A Report of the Suicide Registry

Abstract

Objective: Suicide is one of the most important health problems in the world. Financial, academic, social, and environmental difficulties along with genetic, physical, and mental disorders affect suicide attempts. This study aimed to find risk factors for completed suicide in Ilam province according to the suicide registry in Ilam province.

Method: This was a prospective study and was performed based on suicide case registration data, pre-determined checklist data, and death registration data in Ilam province from March 2019 to September 2020. Logistic regression models and the Chi-square test were used to determine the relationship between completed suicide and its risk factors.

Results: Among 1,410 attempted suicides, 66 (4.7 %) were executed. Rate of completed suicides was higher in men (6.5%) compared to women (4.5%), (p = 0.005), age groups over 65 years (P < 0.001), retirees and farmers (P = 0.009), illiterate people (P < 0.001), villagers (P = 0.02), people motivated due to physical problems (P = 0.016), suicide by physical methods (P < 0.001) and self-immolation (P < 0.001). Logistic regression showed that incidence of completed suicide was significantly higher in the age group over 65 years, illiterate people, people using physical methods, villagers, and men. Multivariate logistic regression also showed that men and individuals using physical methods of suicide were significantly more successful in suicide.

Conclusion: Men, the elderly, illiterates, villagers, and people who used physical suicide methods were in high-risk groups. Despite lower prevalence of suicide, a higher rate of completed suicide was demonstrated. To decrease completed suicide rates, we must pay attention to these groups.

1. Studdert DM, Zhang Y, Swanson SA, Prince L, Rodden JA, Holsinger EE, et al. Handgun Ownership and Suicide in California. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(23):2220-9.
2. Swain RS, Taylor LG, Braver ER, Liu W, Pinheiro SP, Mosholder AD. A systematic review of validated suicide outcome classification in observational studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2019;48(5):1636-49.
3. Swee G, Shochet I, Cockshaw W, Hides L. Emotion Regulation as a Risk Factor for Suicide Ideation among Adolescents and Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Belongingness. J Youth Adolesc. 2020;49(11):2265-74.
4. Dong M, Lu L, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, et al. Prevalence of suicide attempts in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019;29:e63.
5. Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Single and Multiple Suicide Attempts: Prevalence and Correlates in School-Going Adolescents in Liberia in 2017. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020;13:1159-64.
6. Daliri S, Bazyar J, Sayehmiri K, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri F. Investigation of the Incidence rate of suicide in Iran During Years 2001-2014 A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis study. SSU_Journals. 2016;24(9):757-68.
7. Padmaja N, Bharadwaj PK. Suicide attempts and its outcome: elderly vs lower age groups. Paripex-Indian journal of research. 2020;9(1):31-2.
8. Amini P, Ahmadinia H, Poorolajal J, Moqaddasi Amiri M. Evaluating the High Risk Groups for Suicide: A Comparison of Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree and Artificial Neural Network. Iran J Public Health. 2016;45(9):1179-87.
9. Teimouri H, Mohammazadeh J, Omidi K, Ghobadi S, Tahmasebian H. Epidemiological study of suicide attempt among urban community of Ilam. Journal of Medical Council of Iran. 2017;35(4):335-9.
10. Khorshidi A, Sayehmiri K, Babanejad M. Seasonality of Suicide Occurrence in Ilam. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology. 2013;9(3):17-23.
11. Janghorbani M, Sharifirad GR. Completed and attempted suicide in Ilam, Iran (1995–2002): Incidence and associated factors. 2005;8(2): 119-126.
12. Keikhavani, Sattar. Prevalence of successful and unsuccessful suicides in Ilam, (1997). Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2000;28(8): 7-12.
13. Babanejad M, Pourkaramkhan T, Delpisheh A, Khorshidi A, Asadollahi K, Sayehmiri K. Epidemiological Investigation of Suicide due to Mental Disorders in Ilam Province during 1993-2009. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2014;22(5): 104-113.
14. Veisani Y, Delpisheh A, Mohamadian F, Valizadeh R. Trends of Suicide Attempts and Completed Suicide in Ilam Province of Iran; A Demographic Analysis Study. Bull Emerg Trauma. 2018;6(3):245-8.
15. Azizpour, Y, Asadollahi, K, Sayehmiri, K, et al. Investigation of the outcomes and varieties of violent suicides during a period of twenty years in Ilam, Iran. Tehran University Medical Journal TUMS Publications. 2017;75(7):530-37.
16. Azizpour Y, Asadollahi K, Sayehmiri K, Kaikhavani S, Abangah G. Epidemiological survey of intentional poisoning suicide during 1993-2013 in Ilam Province, Iran. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):902.
17. Azizpour Y, Sayehmiri K, Asadollahi K, Kaikhavani S, Bagheri M. Epidemiological study of suicide by physical methods between 1993 and 2013 in Ilam province, Iran. BMC Psychiatry. 2017;17(1):304.
18. Veisani Y, Delpisheh A, Sayehmiri K, Moradi G, Hassanzadeh J. Suicide attempts in Ilam Province, West of Iran, 2010-2014: a time trend study. J Res Health Sci. 2016;16(2):64.
19. Giupponi G, Innamorati M, Baldessarini RJ, De Leo D, de Giovannelli F, Pycha R, et al. Factors associated with suicide: Case-control study in South Tyrol. Compr Psychiatry. 2018;80:150-4.
Files
IssueVol 17 No 3 (2022) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v17i3.9732
Keywords
Completed Suicide Prevalence Risk Factors Suicide Attempt
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Sayehmiri K, Mozafari A-A, Valizadeh R, Yadeghari N, Rostamkhani M, Khorshidi A, Aivazi A-A, Deldar M. Rate and Causes of Suicide in Ilam: A Report of the Suicide Registry. Iran J Psychiatry. 2022;17(3):312-319.