Investigating the Association between Coping Styles and Social Identity in Adolescents of Marginal and Non-Marginal Areas
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between coping styles and social identity among adolescents residing in marginal and non-marginal areas.
Method: A cross-sectional study design with a descriptive-analytic approach was utilized. The study population consisted of adolescents aged 12 to 19 from Kermanshah city, with 222 participants evenly distributed between marginal and non-marginal areas. Adolescents were enrolled in the study using a multi-stage sampling method (stratified cluster, simple randomized method). Data were collected using the Standard Social Identity questionnaire and Lazarus and Folkman's Coping Styles questionnaire. The data were analyzed statistically in the SPSS software environment (version 25) using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of social identity and coping styles in adolescents (P < 0.05). Emotion-focused and problem-focused coping styles had the ability to explain social identity in the adolescents of Kermanshah city. Also, in comparing the coping styles and social identity between adolescents from marginalized and non-marginalized areas in the city of Kermanshah, there was no significant difference (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of understanding how coping strategies influence social identity among adolescents across different socio-environmental contexts. The findings highlight the need for further research to explore the mechanisms underlying these relationships and consider the role of contextual factors in shaping adolescent development.
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2. Friesen J, Taubenböck H, Wurm M, Pelz PF. Size distributions of slums across the globe using different data and classification methods. Eur J Remote Sens. 2019;52(sup2):99-111.
3. Cronin S. Social histories of Iran: modernism and marginality in the Middle East: Cambridge University Press; 2021.
4. Tymoshenko V, Shakun V, Makarenko L, Galiy M. Marginal behaviour as a factor of the commission of an offence. Rev Amazon investig. 2020;9(28):130-8.
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8. Benner AD, Wang Y. Adolescent substance use: The role of demographic marginalization and socioemotional distress. Dev Psychol. 2015;51(8):1086-97.
9. Sapiro B, Ward A. Marginalized youth, mental health, and connection with others: A review of the literature. Child Adolesc Social Work J. 2020;37(4):343-57.
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11. Henriksen A-K, Bengtsson TT. Trivializing violence: Marginalized youth narrating everyday violence. Theor Criminol. 2018;22(1):99-115.
12. Markova S, Nikitskaya E. Coping strategies of adolescents with deviant behaviour. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2017;22(1):36-46.
13. Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Wickremarathne D, Patton GC. The age of adolescence. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(3):223-8.
14. Folayan MO, Cáceres CF, Sam-Agudu NA, Odetoyinbo M, Stockman JK, Harrison A. Psychological Stressors and Coping Strategies Used by Adolescents Living with and Not Living with Hiv Infection in Nigeria. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(9):2736-45.
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18. Ahmad S, Ishtiaq SM, Mustafa M. The Role of Socio-Economic Status in Adoption of Coping Strategies Among Adolescents Against Domestic Violence. J Interpers Violence. 2017;32(18):2862-81.
19. Biggs A, Brough P, Drummond S. Lazarus and Folkman's psychological stress and coping theory. The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice. 2017:349-64.
20. Cong CW, Ling WS, Aun TS. Problem-focused coping and depression among adolescents: Mediating effect of self-esteem. Curr Psychol. 2021;40(11):5587-94.
21. Yulhaidir L, Soetjipto BE, Eva N, Chusniyah T. The Effect of Problem-Focused Coping Training on the Resilience of Early Adolescent Students Across School Engagement. J ReAtt Ther Dev Divers. 2023;6(10s (2)):464-75.
22. Major B, Schmader T. Stigma, social identity threat, and health. The Oxford handbook of stigma, discrimination, and health. 2018:85-103.
23. Mirzaei S, Mehrolhassani MH, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Jahanara A, Haghdoost AA, Oroomiei N. Identifying the challenges of policy content related to high-risk sexual behaviors, stimulant drugs, and alcohol consumption in adolescents. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024;24(1):788.
24. Rodríguez-Naranjo C, Caño A. Daily stress and coping styles in adolescent hopelessness depression: Moderating effects of gender. Pers Individ Dif. 2016;97:109-14.
25. Tang W, Dai Q. Depressive symptoms among first-year Chinese undergraduates: The roles of socio-demographics, coping style, and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2018;270:89-96.
26. Eshaghi Moghaddam Kate Shamshir F, Abdollahi MH, Shahgholian M. Comparison of Early Maladjusted Schemas, Hidden Anxiety, and Cognitive Regulation of Emotion in Normal and Delinquency Juveniles. The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam. 2015;3(4):31-40.
27. Saffarinia M, Agayousefi AR, Mostafaie A. The Relationship between Social Procrastination and Social Identity and Students’ Academic Performance. Soc Cogn. 2015;3(2):123-34.
28. Rezakhani S. Conctruction and Standardization of Coping Strategies Questionnaire with Stress for College Students. Innovation in Management Education (Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education). 2011;6(22):83-101.
29. Pérez Barrero A, Louis García EO. Impact of adolescent identity construction on the establishment of dysfunctional behaviors and on the generation of coping strategies. 2021.
30. Ghadampour E, Mirderikvand F, Nosratabadi M, Torfayeh M, Pourabadei P. Socioemotional Adjustment and Identity Styles in Adolescents with Internet Addiction: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. Health Education and Health Promotion. 2020;8(2):87-94.
31. Moreno AG, Molero Jurado MD. Coping Strategies in Conflicts among Adolescents: a Systematic Review. REMIE-Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research. 2022;12(2).
32. Ang C-S, Liang C. Social Influence in Malaysia and Singapore: Interrelationships between Cultural Orientation, Social Group Identity, Coping Style, and Social Conformity. Psychol Thought. 2021;14(1).
33. Morrison KS, Hopkins R. Cultural identity, Africultural coping strategies, and depression as predictors of suicidal ideations and attempts among African American female college students. J Black Psychol. 2019;45(1):3-25.
34. Akgül G, Klimstra T, Çok F. The role of coping strategies in interpersonal identity development of war‐affected immigrant adolescents. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2021;2021(176):103-21.
35. Ben-Zur H. Emotion-focused coping. Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. 2020:1343-5.
36. Sandra L, Koesma RE, Soetikno N, Dewi FIR. Emotion-Focused Coping as a Mediator in the Relationship between Loneliness and Self-injurious Behavior in Adolescents during the Covid-19 Pandemic. J posit Psychol wellbeing. 2022;6(1):2526-37.
37. Karimzade A, Besharat MA. An investigation of the relationship between personality dimensions and stress coping styles. Procedia Soc Behavا Sci. 2011;30:797-802.
38. Steger J, Harris LL. Exploring the Relationship Between Athletic Identity on Certain Coping Mechanisms in Adolescent Athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine & Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers' Association. 2022;8(1):35.
39. Ke T, Barlas J. Thinking about feeling: Using trait emotional intelligence in understanding the associations between early maladaptive schemas and coping styles. Psychol Psychother. 2020;93(1):1-20.
40. Grund A, Carstens C-A. Self-control motivationally reconsidered: “Acting” self-controlled is different to “being good” at self-control. Motiv Emot. 2019;43(1):63-81.
41. Siu OL, Lo BCY, Ng TK, Wang H. Social support and student outcomes: The mediating roles of psychological capital, study engagement, and problem-focused coping. Curr Psychol. 2023;42(4):2670-9.
42. Crocetti E. Identity formation in adolescence: The dynamic of forming and consolidating identity commitments. Child Dev Perspect. 2017 Jun;11(2):145-50.
43. Yıldız F, Gündüz B. An investigation of the mediator role of emotional regulation in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological symptoms in adolescents. J Educ Sci Psychol. 2020;10(2):133-46.
44. Balogh-Pécsi A, Tóth E, Kasik L. Social problem-solving, coping strategies and communication among 5th and 7th graders. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2024;29(1):2331592.
45. Kulsharipova Z. Interpersonal conflicts in adolescence. Bulletin of the Karaganda university Pedagogy series. 2020;98(2):54-62.
46. Wang H, Ng TK, Siu OL. How does psychological capital lead to better well-being for students? The roles of family support and problem-focused coping. Curr Psychol. 2022:1-12.
47. Peat G, Rodriguez A, Smith J. Social media use in adolescents and young adults with serious illnesses: an integrative review. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019;9(3):235-44.
48. Cauberghe V, Van Wesenbeeck I, De Jans S, Hudders L, Ponnet K. How adolescents use social media to cope with feelings of loneliness and anxiety during COVID-19 lockdown. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2021;24(4):250-7.
2. Friesen J, Taubenböck H, Wurm M, Pelz PF. Size distributions of slums across the globe using different data and classification methods. Eur J Remote Sens. 2019;52(sup2):99-111.
3. Cronin S. Social histories of Iran: modernism and marginality in the Middle East: Cambridge University Press; 2021.
4. Tymoshenko V, Shakun V, Makarenko L, Galiy M. Marginal behaviour as a factor of the commission of an offence. Rev Amazon investig. 2020;9(28):130-8.
5. Karimi J, Ahmadi V, Hamed B. Urban Indigents (Historical and Demographic Review on suburbia in Kermanshah). Two Quarterly Journal of Contemporary Sociological Research. 2018;6(11):1-26.
6. Baah FO, Teitelman AM, Riegel B. Marginalization: Conceptualizing patient vulnerabilities in the framework of social determinants of health-An integrative review. Nurs Inq. 2019;26(1):e12268.
7. Persad RA. Spatio-temporal analysis of mental illness and the impact of marginalization-based factors: a case study of Ontario, Canada. Ann GIS. 2020;26(3):237-50.
8. Benner AD, Wang Y. Adolescent substance use: The role of demographic marginalization and socioemotional distress. Dev Psychol. 2015;51(8):1086-97.
9. Sapiro B, Ward A. Marginalized youth, mental health, and connection with others: A review of the literature. Child Adolesc Social Work J. 2020;37(4):343-57.
10. Aderibigbe OO, Stewart SL, Hirdes JP, Perlman C. Substance Use among Youth in Community and Residential Mental Health Care Facilities in Ontario, Canada. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1731.
11. Henriksen A-K, Bengtsson TT. Trivializing violence: Marginalized youth narrating everyday violence. Theor Criminol. 2018;22(1):99-115.
12. Markova S, Nikitskaya E. Coping strategies of adolescents with deviant behaviour. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2017;22(1):36-46.
13. Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Wickremarathne D, Patton GC. The age of adolescence. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(3):223-8.
14. Folayan MO, Cáceres CF, Sam-Agudu NA, Odetoyinbo M, Stockman JK, Harrison A. Psychological Stressors and Coping Strategies Used by Adolescents Living with and Not Living with Hiv Infection in Nigeria. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(9):2736-45.
15. Pegg KJ, O'Donnell AW, Lala G, Barber BL. The Role of Online Social Identity in the Relationship Between Alcohol-Related Content on Social Networking Sites and Adolescent Alcohol Use. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2018;21(1):50-5.
16. Hogg MA. Social identity theory: Springer; 2016.
17. Koni E, Moradi S, Arahanga-Doyle H, Neha T, Hayhurst JG, Boyes M, et al. Promoting resilience in adolescents: A new social identity benefits those who need it most. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0210521.
18. Ahmad S, Ishtiaq SM, Mustafa M. The Role of Socio-Economic Status in Adoption of Coping Strategies Among Adolescents Against Domestic Violence. J Interpers Violence. 2017;32(18):2862-81.
19. Biggs A, Brough P, Drummond S. Lazarus and Folkman's psychological stress and coping theory. The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice. 2017:349-64.
20. Cong CW, Ling WS, Aun TS. Problem-focused coping and depression among adolescents: Mediating effect of self-esteem. Curr Psychol. 2021;40(11):5587-94.
21. Yulhaidir L, Soetjipto BE, Eva N, Chusniyah T. The Effect of Problem-Focused Coping Training on the Resilience of Early Adolescent Students Across School Engagement. J ReAtt Ther Dev Divers. 2023;6(10s (2)):464-75.
22. Major B, Schmader T. Stigma, social identity threat, and health. The Oxford handbook of stigma, discrimination, and health. 2018:85-103.
23. Mirzaei S, Mehrolhassani MH, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Jahanara A, Haghdoost AA, Oroomiei N. Identifying the challenges of policy content related to high-risk sexual behaviors, stimulant drugs, and alcohol consumption in adolescents. BMC Health Serv Res. 2024;24(1):788.
24. Rodríguez-Naranjo C, Caño A. Daily stress and coping styles in adolescent hopelessness depression: Moderating effects of gender. Pers Individ Dif. 2016;97:109-14.
25. Tang W, Dai Q. Depressive symptoms among first-year Chinese undergraduates: The roles of socio-demographics, coping style, and social support. Psychiatry Res. 2018;270:89-96.
26. Eshaghi Moghaddam Kate Shamshir F, Abdollahi MH, Shahgholian M. Comparison of Early Maladjusted Schemas, Hidden Anxiety, and Cognitive Regulation of Emotion in Normal and Delinquency Juveniles. The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam. 2015;3(4):31-40.
27. Saffarinia M, Agayousefi AR, Mostafaie A. The Relationship between Social Procrastination and Social Identity and Students’ Academic Performance. Soc Cogn. 2015;3(2):123-34.
28. Rezakhani S. Conctruction and Standardization of Coping Strategies Questionnaire with Stress for College Students. Innovation in Management Education (Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education). 2011;6(22):83-101.
29. Pérez Barrero A, Louis García EO. Impact of adolescent identity construction on the establishment of dysfunctional behaviors and on the generation of coping strategies. 2021.
30. Ghadampour E, Mirderikvand F, Nosratabadi M, Torfayeh M, Pourabadei P. Socioemotional Adjustment and Identity Styles in Adolescents with Internet Addiction: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. Health Education and Health Promotion. 2020;8(2):87-94.
31. Moreno AG, Molero Jurado MD. Coping Strategies in Conflicts among Adolescents: a Systematic Review. REMIE-Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research. 2022;12(2).
32. Ang C-S, Liang C. Social Influence in Malaysia and Singapore: Interrelationships between Cultural Orientation, Social Group Identity, Coping Style, and Social Conformity. Psychol Thought. 2021;14(1).
33. Morrison KS, Hopkins R. Cultural identity, Africultural coping strategies, and depression as predictors of suicidal ideations and attempts among African American female college students. J Black Psychol. 2019;45(1):3-25.
34. Akgül G, Klimstra T, Çok F. The role of coping strategies in interpersonal identity development of war‐affected immigrant adolescents. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2021;2021(176):103-21.
35. Ben-Zur H. Emotion-focused coping. Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences. 2020:1343-5.
36. Sandra L, Koesma RE, Soetikno N, Dewi FIR. Emotion-Focused Coping as a Mediator in the Relationship between Loneliness and Self-injurious Behavior in Adolescents during the Covid-19 Pandemic. J posit Psychol wellbeing. 2022;6(1):2526-37.
37. Karimzade A, Besharat MA. An investigation of the relationship between personality dimensions and stress coping styles. Procedia Soc Behavا Sci. 2011;30:797-802.
38. Steger J, Harris LL. Exploring the Relationship Between Athletic Identity on Certain Coping Mechanisms in Adolescent Athletes. Journal of Sports Medicine & Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers' Association. 2022;8(1):35.
39. Ke T, Barlas J. Thinking about feeling: Using trait emotional intelligence in understanding the associations between early maladaptive schemas and coping styles. Psychol Psychother. 2020;93(1):1-20.
40. Grund A, Carstens C-A. Self-control motivationally reconsidered: “Acting” self-controlled is different to “being good” at self-control. Motiv Emot. 2019;43(1):63-81.
41. Siu OL, Lo BCY, Ng TK, Wang H. Social support and student outcomes: The mediating roles of psychological capital, study engagement, and problem-focused coping. Curr Psychol. 2023;42(4):2670-9.
42. Crocetti E. Identity formation in adolescence: The dynamic of forming and consolidating identity commitments. Child Dev Perspect. 2017 Jun;11(2):145-50.
43. Yıldız F, Gündüz B. An investigation of the mediator role of emotional regulation in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological symptoms in adolescents. J Educ Sci Psychol. 2020;10(2):133-46.
44. Balogh-Pécsi A, Tóth E, Kasik L. Social problem-solving, coping strategies and communication among 5th and 7th graders. Int J Adolesc Youth. 2024;29(1):2331592.
45. Kulsharipova Z. Interpersonal conflicts in adolescence. Bulletin of the Karaganda university Pedagogy series. 2020;98(2):54-62.
46. Wang H, Ng TK, Siu OL. How does psychological capital lead to better well-being for students? The roles of family support and problem-focused coping. Curr Psychol. 2022:1-12.
47. Peat G, Rodriguez A, Smith J. Social media use in adolescents and young adults with serious illnesses: an integrative review. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019;9(3):235-44.
48. Cauberghe V, Van Wesenbeeck I, De Jans S, Hudders L, Ponnet K. How adolescents use social media to cope with feelings of loneliness and anxiety during COVID-19 lockdown. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw. 2021;24(4):250-7.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 19 No 4 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i4.16551 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Adolescents Coping Skill Cross-Sectional Studies Social Identity Teenagers | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mosafer H, Khaledi-Paveh B, Salari N, Rahmati M. Investigating the Association between Coping Styles and Social Identity in Adolescents of Marginal and Non-Marginal Areas. Iran J Psychiatry. 2024;19(4):384-392.
