Investigating the Relationship between Schizophrenia with Risk of Breast Cancer Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
-
Seyyed Muhammad Mahdi Mahdavinoor
,
Saeed Kargar-Soleimanabad
,
Amir-Hassan Bordbari
,
Aghil Mollaei
,
Leila Seddigh
,
Sorour Sarihi
,
Reihaneh FirooziKhojastefar
,
Raziye Dehbozorgi
,
Sara Farhang
Abstract
Objective: Schizophrenia seems to have a complex association with various types of cancer, exerting a protective effect against some cancers while being a risk factor against some others. Therefore, we intended to conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis in order to examine the relationship between schizophrenia and the risk of breast cancer incidence.
Method: We did a systematic search of databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and PsycINFO up to August 15, 2024. Screening and data extraction were performed independently. Data was analyzed using Stata16 software. We used the random effect model to pool the results, while the heterogeneity between studies was calculated using Cochran's Q test and (I2) index.
Results: We found 15 studies, among which 12 were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that the risk of breast cancer development is significantly increased in women with schizophrenia (SIR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08-1.85, P < 0.01; IRR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.13-1.26, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in the incidence of breast cancer rates among women with schizophrenia based on geographic location and duration of follow-up.
Conclusion: The results indicate that schizophrenia increases the risk of developing breast cancer. Therefore, taking preventive measures concerning breast cancer among women with schizophrenia is crucial. Additionally, regular screening programs should be implemented to ensure early diagnosis and treatment in case breast cancer is detected.
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28. Grinshpoon A, Barchana M, Ponizovsky A, Lipshitz I, Nahon D, Tal O, et al. Cancer in schizophrenia: is the risk higher or lower? Schizophr Res. 2005;73(2-3):333-41.
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31. Lichtermann D, Ekelund J, Pukkala E, Tanskanen A, Lönnqvist J. Incidence of cancer among persons with schizophrenia and their relatives. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58(6):573-8.
32. Mortensen PB. The incidence of cancer in schizophrenic patients. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1989;43(1):43-7.
33. Cheng CS, Chen WY, Chang HM, Pan CH, Su SS, Tsai SY, et al. Unfavorable cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios in patients with schizophrenia: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000-2019. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2023;148(4):347-58.
34. Wang M, Wu X, Chai F, Zhang Y, Jiang J. Plasma prolactin and breast cancer risk: a meta- analysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:25998.
35. Hwong A, Wang K, Bent S, Mangurian C. Breast Cancer Screening in Women With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Psychiatr Serv. 2020;71(3):263-8.
2. Aker S, Kahve AC. What do psychiatrists think about renaming schizophrenia in Turkey? Schizophr Res. 2022;248:8-13.
3. Orrico-Sánchez A, López-Lacort M, Muñoz-Quiles C, Sanfélix-Gimeno G, Díez-Domingo J. Epidemiology of schizophrenia and its management over 8-years period using real-world data in Spain. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20(1):149.
4. Owen MJ, Sawa A, Mortensen PB. Schizophrenia. Lancet. 2016;388(10039):86-97.
5. Shamsaei F, Cheraghi F, Bashirian S. Burden on Family Caregivers Caring for Patients with Schizophrenia. Iran J Psychiatry. 2015;10(4):239-45.
6. Heald A. Physical health in schizophrenia: a challenge for antipsychotic therapy. Eur Psychiatry. 2010;25 Suppl 2:S6-11.
7. McNamee L, Mead G, MacGillivray S, Lawrie SM. Schizophrenia, poor physical health and physical activity: evidence-based interventions are required to reduce major health inequalities. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;203(3):239-41.
8. Vancampfort D, Correll CU, Galling B, Probst M, De Hert M, Ward PB, et al. Diabetes mellitus in people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a systematic review and large scale meta-analysis. World Psychiatry. 2016;15(2):166-74.
9. Smith DJ, Langan J, McLean G, Guthrie B, Mercer SW. Schizophrenia is associated with excess multiple physical-health comorbidities but low levels of recorded cardiovascular disease in primary care: cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2013;3(4).
10. Xu D, Chen G, Kong L, Zhang W, Hu L, Chen C, et al. Lower risk of liver cancer in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Oncotarget. 2017;8(60):102328-35.
11. Raviv G, Laufer M, Baruch Y, Barak Y. Risk of prostate cancer in patients with schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry. 2014;55(7):1639-42.
12. Torrey EF. Prostate cancer and schizophrenia. Urology. 2006;68(6):1280-3.
13. Veeneman RR, Vermeulen JM, Abdellaoui A, Sanderson E, Wootton RE, Tadros R, et al. Exploring the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Correlation and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study. Schizophr Bull. 2022;48(2):463-73.
14. Wang Y, Wang L, Li X, Liu B, Zhao Q, Chen P, et al. Polymorphisms of XRCC4 are involved in reduced colorectal cancer risk in Chinese schizophrenia patients. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:523.
15. Crump C, Winkleby MA, Sundquist K, Sundquist J. Comorbidities and mortality in persons with schizophrenia: a Swedish national cohort study. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170(3):324-33.
16. Bushe CJ, Bradley AJ, Wildgust HJ, Hodgson RE. Schizophrenia and breast cancer incidence: a systematic review of clinical studies. Schizophr Res. 2009;114(1-3):6-16.
17. Barak Y, Levy T, Achiron A, Aizenberg D. Breast cancer in women suffering from serious mental illness. Schizophr Res. 2008;102(1-3):249-53.
18. Gulbinat W, Dupont A, Jablensky A, Jensen OM, Marsella A, Nakane Y, et al. Cancer incidence of schizophrenic patients. Results of record linkage studies in three countries. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1992(18):75-83.
19. Zhuo C, Triplett PT. Association of Schizophrenia With the Risk of Breast Cancer Incidence: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018;75(4):363-9.
20. Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. PRISMA 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. Bmj. 2021;372:n160.
21. Pettersson D, Gissler M, Hällgren J, Ösby U, Westman J, Bobo WV. The overall and sex- and age-group specific incidence rates of cancer in people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020;29:e132.
22. Chen LY, Hung YN, Chen YY, Yang SY, Pan CH, Chen CC, et al. Cancer incidence in young and middle-aged people with schizophrenia: nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000-2010. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2018;27(2):146-56.
23. Osborn DP, Limburg H, Walters K, Petersen I, King M, Green J, et al. Relative incidence of common cancers in people with severe mental illness. Cohort study in the United Kingdom THIN primary care database. Schizophr Res. 2013;143(1):44-9.
24. Lin GM, Chen YJ, Kuo DJ, Jaiteh LE, Wu YC, Lo TS, et al. Cancer incidence in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan, 1997-2009. Schizophr Bull. 2013;39(2):407-16.
25. Ji J, Sundquist K, Ning Y, Kendler KS, Sundquist J, Chen X. Incidence of cancer in patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives: a population-based study in Sweden. Schizophr Bull. 2013;39(3):527-36.
26. McGinty EE, Zhang Y, Guallar E, Ford DE, Steinwachs D, Dixon LB, et al. Cancer incidence in a sample of Maryland residents with serious mental illness. Psychiatr Serv. 2012;63(7):714-7.
27. Barak Y, Levy T, Achiron A, Aizenberg D. Breast cancer in women suffering from serious mental illness. Schizophr Res. 2008;102(1-3):249-53.
28. Grinshpoon A, Barchana M, Ponizovsky A, Lipshitz I, Nahon D, Tal O, et al. Cancer in schizophrenia: is the risk higher or lower? Schizophr Res. 2005;73(2-3):333-41.
29. Goldacre MJ, Kurina LM, Wotton CJ, Yeates D, Seagroat V. Schizophrenia and cancer: an epidemiological study. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;187:334-8.
30. Dalton SO, Mellemkjaer L, Thomassen L, Mortensen PB, Johansen C. Risk for cancer in a cohort of patients hospitalized for schizophrenia in Denmark, 1969-1993. Schizophr Res. 2005;75(2-3):315-24.
31. Lichtermann D, Ekelund J, Pukkala E, Tanskanen A, Lönnqvist J. Incidence of cancer among persons with schizophrenia and their relatives. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58(6):573-8.
32. Mortensen PB. The incidence of cancer in schizophrenic patients. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1989;43(1):43-7.
33. Cheng CS, Chen WY, Chang HM, Pan CH, Su SS, Tsai SY, et al. Unfavorable cancer mortality-to-incidence ratios in patients with schizophrenia: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000-2019. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2023;148(4):347-58.
34. Wang M, Wu X, Chai F, Zhang Y, Jiang J. Plasma prolactin and breast cancer risk: a meta- analysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:25998.
35. Hwong A, Wang K, Bent S, Mangurian C. Breast Cancer Screening in Women With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Psychiatr Serv. 2020;71(3):263-8.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 19 No 4 (2024) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v19i4.16559 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Breast Cancer Epidemiology Meta-analysis Risk Factor Schizophrenia | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mahdavinoor SMM, Kargar-Soleimanabad S, Bordbari A-H, Mollaei A, Seddigh L, Sarihi S, FirooziKhojastefar R, Dehbozorgi R, Farhang S. Investigating the Relationship between Schizophrenia with Risk of Breast Cancer Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. Iran J Psychiatry. 2024;19(4):441-452.
