Articles

To Construction and Standardization of the Waiting Anxiety Questionnaire (WAQ) in Iran

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to measure waiting anxiety .
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Extensive review of literature and expert opinions were used to develop and validate the waiting anxiety questionnaire. A sample of 321 participants was recruited through random cluster sampling (n= 190 Iranian men and n= 131 women). The participants filled out WAQ, the Speilberger‘s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Burtner Rating scale (BRS) and Eysenk Personality questionnaire (EPQ) for adults .
Results: Internal consistency of WAQ was revealed, meaning that all the 20 items were highly correlated with the total score. The Cronbach alpha equaled 0.83 for the Waiting Anxiety Questionnaire . The Pearson correlation coefficient of the questionnaire with the STAI, BRS and extraversion and neuroticism subscales of EPQ was 0.65, 0.78, - 0.47 and 0.43, respectively, which confirmed its convergent and divergent validity. Factors analysis extracting four cognitive, behavior l, sentimental and physiological factors could explain 67% of the total variance with an Eigen value of greater than 1.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that WAQ possesses appropriate validity and reliability to measure the individuals’ anxiety during the waiting time .

Ursine H, Olff M. The stress respone. In: Clare S. Standford S, Salmon P eds. Stress from synapse to syndrome. Academic Press, Harcourt Brace & Company; 1993.

Marty P. Lordre psychosomatique. Paris: Payot; 1980.

Stora J B. Stress new disease of civilization, Translated by Dadsetan P. Tehran: Roshd Press; 2007.

Ivarsson B, Larsson S , Sjoberg T. Patients' experiences of support while waiting for cardiac surgery. A critical incident technique analysis. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2004; 3: 183-191.

Cooper L, Foster I. The use of music to aid patients' relaxation in a radiotherapy waiting room. Radiography 2008; 14: 184-188.

Tallmer J, Scherwitz L, Chesney M, Hecker M, Hunkeler E, Serwitz J, et al. Selection, training, and quality control of Type A interviewers in a prospective study of young adults. J Behav Med 1990; 13: 449-466.

Chesney M A, Eagleston JR, Rosenman R H. The Type A Structured Interview: A behavioral assessment in the rough. Journal of Behavioral Assessment 1980; 2: 225-272.

Rosenman RH, Swan GE, Carmelli D. Definition, assessment, and evolution of the Type A behavior pattern. In: Houston BK, Snyder CR. Type a behavior pattern: Research, theory, and intervention. New York: Wiley; 1988.

Rosenman RH. The interview method of assessment of the coronary-prone behavior pattern. In: Dembroski TM. Weiss SM, Shields JL, Feinleib SM. Coronary-prone behavior. New York: Springer- Verlag; 1978.

Triandis HC. Dialectics between cultural and cross-cultural psychology. Asian

Journal of Social Psychology 2000; 3: 185-195.

Beck AT. Beck depression inventory. Philadelphia: Pa: Center for Cognitive Therapy; 1961.

Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Self-evaluation questionnaire). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1970.

Endler NS, Edwards JM, Vitelli R. Endler Multidimensional Anxiety Scales (EMAS). Western Psychological Services, USALos Angeles.; 1991.

Zung WWK. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics. 1971; 12: 371-379.

Montazeri A, Vahdaninia M, Ebrahimi M , Jarvandi S. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): translation and validation study of the Iranian version. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2003; 1: 14.

Fathi Ashtiani A. Psychological tests (personality assessment and mental health) Tehran: Besat Press; 2008.

Walsh J, wilding JM, Eysench MW. Stress responsivity: the role of individual difference 1994; 3: 385-39.

Alilo M. Ansarin KH, Beirami M, Hashemi T, Gharaghoslo M. [A comparison of asthmatic patients and healthy subjects in terms of the type of personality and negative and positive emotional experience regarding to gender (Persian)]. Journal Research in Mental Health 2007; 1: 37-43.

Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SB. Manual of the Eysenck personality questionnaire (junior and adult) Kent, UK: Hodder and Stoughton; 1975.

Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SB. Psychoticism as a dimension of personality. London: Hodder and Stoughton; 1976.

Hooman H. Scientific method in behavioral sciences. Tehran: SAMT Press; 2007.

Files
IssueVol 9 No 3 (2014) QRcode
SectionArticles
Keywords
Construction Waiting Anxiety Questionnaire reliability validity

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Tavakkoli S, Saffarinia M, Asaadi MM, Norouzi Javidan A, Hajiaghababaei M. To Construction and Standardization of the Waiting Anxiety Questionnaire (WAQ) in Iran. Iran J Psychiatry. 1;9(3):163-8.