Symptoms of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder,a clinical sample
,
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this report was to study the gender role on autismsymptoms distribution and severity in a clinical sample from Iran. Then, the results were compared with the published study from the same community population sample, Iran.
Method: The subjects of this retrospective study were a convenient clinical sample of the referrals of children with pervasive developmental disorders. The diagnosis was made according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria.
Results: Most of the subjects were boys. Boys were referred for evaluation more frequently than girls. The sample included 61 children and adolescents aged 2.1 to 15 years; of whom, 49 had autism. The mean age of children with autism was 7.2(SD=3.2) years. The mean of age, the diagnosis and severity of the symptoms were not related to gender .
Conclusion: Usually, those with severe cases of autism refer to clinics for treatment. Therefore, the clinical sample of children with autism is just the tip of the iceberg and they may not be the actual representative of community sample of children with autism. Preventive programs should be more focused on the screening and referring of inflected girls for service utilization.
Lord C, Risi S, DiLavore PS, Shulman C, Thurm A, Pickles A. Autism from 2 to 9 years of age. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006; 63: 694- 701.
Gurney JG, McPheeters ML, Davis MM. Parental report of health conditions and health care use among children with and without autism: National Survey of Children's Health. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006; 160: 825-830.
Ghanizadeh A. A preliminary study on screening prevalence of pervasive developmental disorder in schoolchildren in Iran. J Autism Dev Disord 2008; 38: 759-763.
Sheikhani A, Behnam H, Noroozian M, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi M. Abnormalities of quantitative electroencephalography in children with Asperger disorder in various conditions. Res Autism Spectr Disord 2009; 3: 538–546.
Fombonne E. Epidemiological surveys of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: an update. J Autism Dev Disord 2003; 33: 365-382.
Juneja M, Mukherjee SB, Sharma S. A descriptive hospital based study of children with autism. Indian Pediatr 2005; 42: 453-458.
Holtmann M, Bolte S, Poustka F. Autism spectrum disorders: sex differences in autistic behaviour domains and coexisting psychopathology. Dev Med Child Neurol 2007; 49: 361-366.
Volkmar FR, Szatmari P, Sparrow SS. Sex differences in pervasive developmental disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 1993; 23: 579- 591.
McLennan JD, Lord C, Schopler E. Sex differences in higher functioning people with autism. J Autism Dev Disord 1993; 23: 217- 227.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;1994.
Gadow KD, Sprafkin J. Child Symptom Inventory-4 Screening Manual. Stony Brook, NY: Checkmate Plus; 1998.
Alipour A, Esmaile EM . Studying of validity, reliability, and cutoff points of CSI-4 in the school children aged 6 to 14 in Tehran. Tehran: Exceptional students’ Research Center ;2004.
Haq I, Couteur A. Autism spectrum disorder. Medicine 2004;32: 61–63.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 4 No 4 (2009) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Epidemiology Iran pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) Sign and symptoms | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
