Mental Health Priorities in Iranian Women: Overview of Social Determinants of Mental Health
-
Monir Baradaran Eftekhari
,
Ameneh Setareh Forouzan
,
Arash Mirabzadeh
,
Homeira Sajadi
,
Masoumeh Dejman
,
Hasan Rafiee
,
Mohammad Mahdi Golmakan
Abstract
Objective: Mental health is an essential component for positive adaptation that enables people to cope with adversity to achieve their full potential and humanity. In this study, using a community based approach, the social determinants of mental health in Iranian women were extracted; and in addition, priority setting for interventional programs according to analytical framework of WHO was implemented .
Method: This study was a community based participatory research (CBPR) in district 22 of Tehran (Iran). The target group was married females with age range of 18-65 years. In this study, mental health priorities were extracted by qualitative methods according to Essential National Health Research model (ENHR) and the analytical framework of
WHO. Data analysis was done based on content analysis by the open code 3.6 software.
Results: In the quantitative phase, according to secondary data, 1144 individuals (560 females and 584 males) were selected, of whom 41percent had impaired mental health based on General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (P<0.05). According to the qualitative phase, the first mental health priority in socioeconomic level was lack of insurance for unattended families, it was unemployment in differential exposure level and it was lack of knowledge and skills related to dealing with stress in the differential vulnerability level; in differential outcome and consequence levels, the priorities were lack of free counseling centers in the study area and lack of facilities for mental health rehabilitation.
Conclusion: Providing training courses to improve the skills to deal with stress is considered one of the most important interventions for mental health promotion in women.
Friedli L. Mental health, resilience and inequalities. Denmark: WHO Regional Office for Europe Copenhagen; 2009.
Zaveleta R. The ability to go about without shame: a proposal for internationally comparable indicators of shame and humiliation. Working Paper 3. Oxford, University of Oxford (http://www. ophi. org. uk/pubs/Zavaleta_Shame_Humiliation_Final. pdf). 2007.
Hughes JR. Nicotine dependence and WHO mental health surveys. JAMA 2004; 292: 1021-1022; author reply 1022.
Bijl RV, Ravelli A , van Zessen G. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the general population: results of The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1998; 33: 587-595.
Asadi–Lari M, Vaez-Mahdavi M. Overviews on Urban-Heart Tehran experience. 2008: World Health Organization .
Owlia P, Baradaran Eftekhari M, Setareh Forouzan A, Bahreini F, Farahani M, Ghanei M Health. research priority setting in Iran: Introduction to a bottom up approach. J Res Med Sci 2011; 16: 691–698.
Solar O, Irwin A. A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. World Health Organization 2007 .
Bhugra D, Mastrogianni A. Globalisation and mental disorders. Overview with relation to depression. Br J Psychiatry 2004; 184: 10-20.
Patel V, Kirkwood BR, Pednekar S, Pereira B, Barros P, Fernandes J, et al. Gender disadvantage and reproductive health risk factors for common mental disorders in women: a community survey in India. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006; 63: 404-413.
Jorm AF, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, Christensen H, Rodgers B , Pollitt P. "Mental health literacy": a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Med J Aust 1997; 166: 182-186.
Prince M, Patel V, Saxena S, Maj M, Maselko J, Phillips MR, et al. No health without mental health. Lancet 2007; 370: 859-877.
Patel, V., L. Swartz, and A. Cohen, The evidence for mental health promotion in developing countries. Promoting Mental Health, 2005: World Health Organization
Hu TW. Perspectives: an international review of the national cost estimates of mental illness, 1990-2003. J Ment Health Policy Econ 2006; 9: 3-13.
Saraceno B. The WHO World Health Report 2001 on mental health. Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc 2002; 11: 83-87.
Patel V, Araya R, Chatterjee S, Chisholm D, Cohen A, De Silva M, et al. Treatment and prevention of mental disorders in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet 2007; 370: 991-1005.
Djalalinia S, Tehrani FR, Afzali HM, Peykari N , Eftekhari MB. Community mobilization for youth health promotion: a lesson learned from iran. Iran J Public Health 2012; 41: 55-62.
Moshki M, Atarodi BA, Moslem A , Taheri M. Applying an Educational-participatory Program based on the PRECEDE Model for Promoting Self-esteem and Mental Health of Students in Iran. Int J Prev Med 2012; 3: 241-248.
Richardson EA, Moon G, Pearce J, Shortt NK, Mitchell R. Oral Presentations - Wednesday 10 September 2014 - Poster Session A: PP21 Mortality change over time in European cities: a population-based longitudinal study of 80 million people J Epidemiol Community Health 2014;68:Suppl 1 A55 doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204726.117
Noorbala AA, Mohammad K, Bagheri Yazdi SA. (The Validation of General Health Questionnaire- 28 as a Psychiatric Screening Tool (Persian)). Hakim Magazine 1999; 5: 101– 110.
Delbecq AL, Van de Ven AH. A group process model for problem identification and program planning. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 1971; 7: 466-492.
Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res 2005; 15: 1277-1288.
Barbour RS. Checklists for improving rigour in qualitative research: a case of the tail wagging the dog? BMJ 2001; 322: 1115-1117.
Rolfe G. Validity, trustworthiness and rigour: quality and the idea of qualitative research. J Adv Nurs 2006; 53: 304-310.
Jacobs B , Price N. Community participation in externally funded health projects: lessons from Cambodia. Health Policy Plan 2003; 18: 399-410.
Mulyaningrum M, Kartodihardjo H, Jaya INS, Nugroho B. Stakeholders Analysis of Policy-Making Process: The Case of Timber Legality Policy on Private Forest. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) 2013; 19:156-162.
Sheikh MR, Ali SZ, Hussain A, Shehzadi R , Afzal MM. Measurement of social capital as an indicator of community-based initiatives (CBI) in the Islamic Republic of Iran. J Health Organ Manag 2009; 23: 429-441.
Blas E, Kurup AS Equity. social determinants and public health programmes. 2010: World Health Organization.
Friedli L. Mental health, resilience and inequalities. Copenhagen, Denmark: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2009.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 9 No 4 (2014) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Iran Mental Health Participatory Research Priority Setting Social Determinant | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
