Articles

Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Parenting Origins in Patients with Opioid Abuse and Non-Abusers

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the difference of early maladaptive schemas and parenting origins in opioid abusers and non-opioid abusers.
Method: The early maladaptive schemas and parenting origins were compared in 56 opioid abusers and 56 non-opioids abusers. Schemas were assessed by the Young Schema Questionnaire 3rd (short form); and parenting origins were assessed by the Young Parenting Inventory.
Results: Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The analysis showed that the means for schemas between opioid abusers and non-opioid abusers were different. Chi square test showed that parenting origins were significantly associated with their related schemas.
Conclusion: The early maladaptive schemas and parenting origins in opioid abusers were more than non-opioid abusers ; and parenting origins were related to their Corresponding schemas.

Hawkins JD, Catalano RF, Miller JY. Risk and protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence and early adulthood: implications for substance abuse prevention. Psychol Bull 1992; 112: 64-105.

Ekhtiari H, Jillson I. Prevalence of Opioid Abuse in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Addiction 2008; 10: 123-126.

Kay J, Tasman A. Essentials of Psychiatry. New York: Wiley & Sons; 2006.

Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI, Sadock VA. Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry, 10rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007.

Mokri A. Brief Overview of the Status of Drug Abuse in Iran. Arch Iranian Med 2002; 5: 184-190.

Ehsan-Manesh M, Karimi-Keisami I. [A review of the history and several studies regarding substance abuse in Iran]. Q J Andisheh va Raftar 1998; 5: 62-78.

Sayadi-anari AR, Khaleghi E, Esmaeili A, Nazer M. [Demographical characteristics of patient with opioid dependence]. Q J Andisheh va Raftar 2000; 8: 29-38.

Young JE. Cognitive Therapy for Personality Disorders: a schema-focused approach. Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press; 1994.

Beck AT, Freeman AM, Davis DD. Cognitive therapy of personality disorders, 2rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2004.

Young JE, Klosko JS, Weishaar ME. Schema therapy: a practitioner's guide. New York: Guilford Press; 2003.

Riso LP. Cognitive schemas and core beliefs in psychological problems: a scientist-practitioner guide. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2007.

Magnavita JJ. Handbook of personality disorders: theory and practice. New York: Wiley & Sons; 2004.

Kaufman E. Family structures of narcotic addicts. Int J Addict 1981; 16: 273-282.

Ball SA, Legow NE. Attachment theory as a working model for the therapist transitioning from early to later recovery substance abuse treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1996; 22: 533-547.

First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JM. Structured clinical interview for DSM–IV Axis I disorders. Mohammad khani P, Jahani Tabesh A, Tamannaaei far Sh (Persian translators). Tehran: Faradid; 2006.

Schmidt NB, Joiner TE, Young JE, Telch MJ. The schema questionnaire: Investigation of psychometric properties Gild the hierarchic structure of a measure of maladaptive schemes. Cognit Ther Res 1995; 19: 295-321.

Lee CW, Taylor G, Dunn J. Factor structure of the schema questionnaire in a large clinical sample. Cognit Ther Res 1999; 23: 441-451.

Sheffield A, Waller G, Emanuelli F, Murray J. Is comorbidity in the eating disorders related to perceptions of parenting? Criterion validity of the revised Young Parenting Inventory. Eat Behav 2006; 7: 37-45.

Ghiasi M. [Validity and reliability of Young Schema Questionary (3rd. Short-form) in patient with psychological disorder and non-patient individuals in Tehran]. Thesis for Master degree. Iran, Isfahan: University of Isfahan; 2008.

Salavati M. Predominant Schemas and effectiveness of schema therapy in women patients with borderline personality disorder. Thesis for PhD of clinical psychology. Iran, Tehran: Tehran Psychiatric Institute; 2006.

Pinto-Goyveia J, Castilho P, Galhardo A, Cunha M. Early maladaptive schemas and social phobia. Cognitive therapy research 2006; 30: 571-584.

Cooper M, Hunt J. Core beliefs and underlying assumptions in bulimia nervosa and depression. Behav Res Ther 1998; 36: 895-898.

Decouvelaere F, Graziani P, Gackiere-Eraldi D, Rusinek S, Hautekeete, M. [Hypothesis of existence and development of early maladaptive schemas in alcohol-dependent patients]. Journal of Therapie Comportementale and Cognitive 2002; 12: 43- 48.

Brotchie J, Meyer C, Copello A, Kidney R, Waller G. Cognitive representations in alcohol and opiate abuse: the role of core beliefs. Br J Clin Psychol 2004; 43: 337-342.

Rees CD, Wilborn BL. Correlates of drug abuse in adolescent: a comparison of families of drug abusers with families of non-drug abusers. Journal of youth and adolescence 1983; 12: 55-63.

Verheul R. Co-morbidity of personality disorders in individuals with substance use disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2001; 16: 274-282.

Lotfi R, Donyavi V, Khosravi Z. Comparison Of Early Maladaptive Schemas Between Personality Disorder (cluster B) and Normal Subjects. Journal of ARMY University of medical sciences of the Islamic Republic of IRAN 2007; 5: 1261-1266.

Sartorius N, Leff J. Families and Mental Disorders: From Burden to Empowerment. New York: Wiley & Sons; 2005.

Simpson TL, Miller WR. Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems. A review. Clin Psychol Rev 2002; 22: 27-77.

Harris E, Curtin L. Parental Perceptions, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults. Cognitive Therapy and Research 2002; 26: 405-416.

Coley RL, Votruba-Drzal E, Schindler HS. Trajectories of parenting processes and adolescent substance use: reciprocal effects. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2008; 36: 613-625.

Schenberg T. Children of substance users: The Relationship of perceived parental rejection to child emotional functioning, Unpublished doctoral dissertation. San Diego: California School of Professional Psychology; 1998.

Beck AT, Wright FD, Newman CF, Liese BS. Cognitive Therapy of Substance Abuse. New York: Guilford Press; 2001.

Files
IssueVol 6 No 2 (2011) QRcode
SectionArticles
Keywords
Cognitive aspects Substance related disorders opioid parenting

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Jalali MR, Zargar M, Salavati M, Kakavand AR. Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Parenting Origins in Patients with Opioid Abuse and Non-Abusers. Iran J Psychiatry. 1;6(2):54-60.