The Genetic Landscape of Autism in Iran: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective: Autism is a genetic disorder involving various genes. This study aims to investigate the role of genetic factors in Iranian patients with autism to help in more accurate diagnosis of this disease by identifying genes involved in Iranian patients.

Method: This study was conducted as a systematic review on patients with autism in Iran, including design and search strategy, systematic collection and review of articles, and quality assessment of studies for data extraction. The search strategy included databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using relevant keywords, and autism diagnosis was based on DSM-IV and DSM-5 criteria.

Results: In this study, genes RORA, MTRR, MTR, Reelin, VDR, VMAT1, ACE I/D, MOCOS, HOTAIR, ANRIL, RIT2, MMP-9, GRM7, FOXP3, and GRIN2B showed significant relationships with the occurrence of autism.

Conclusion: Given the dispersion and lack of coherence in studies on autism genetics in Iran, the definitive impact of each polymorphism in the Iranian population cannot be conclusively determined, and further studies are needed.