Mind-Body Benefits of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in Acute Respiratory Infections: A Randomized Clinical Study of Psychophysiological Outcomes
-
Maliheh Abbasi
,
Mojtaba Darvishi
,
Aida Abazari
,
Zaker Saeedinejad
,
Seyedeh Paria Saeedi
,
Sayed Hassan Faghihi
,
Amin Haghgoo
Abstract
Objective: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) represent one of the foremost contributors to worldwide mortality. Psychological factors, notably anxiety, commonly obstruct patient recovery. Conventional medical approaches rarely account for the interplay between these psychological and physiological factors. This study aimed to determine the effects of EMDR on hemodynamic indices, anxiety levels, and sleep quality in hospitalized patients with ARI.
Method: In 2022, a six-month parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted in Yasouj, Iran, including 89 hospitalized patients with ARI. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving three bedside Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) sessions (45–90 minutes each) or a control group receiving standard care. Outcomes included the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), a hemodynamic monitoring checklist, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 with descriptive and inferential statistical methods.
Results: In the intervention group, mean heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and anxiety scores decreased significantly compared with the control group, whereas blood oxygen saturation increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05). Sleep quality indices in the EMDR group exhibited statistically significant improvements relative to the control group at both the one-month and three-month follow-up assessments (P = 0.001). Within-group analyses further confirmed notable pre- to post-intervention changes across the key outcome variables exclusively in the EMDR arm (P ≤ 0.05). In contrast, the control group displayed no statistically meaningful alterations in these parameters.
Conclusion: Taken together, the present findings position EMDR as a clinically viable, rapidly applicable, and pharmacologically independent therapeutic option for patients hospitalized with ARI.
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2. Sirota SB, Bender RG, Dominguez R-MV, Movo A, Swetschinski LR, Araki DT, et al. Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Infect Dis. 2026;26(4):343-61.
3. Safiri S, Mahmoodpoor A, Kolahi AA, Nejadghaderi SA, Sullman MJM, Mansournia MA, et al. Global burden of lower respiratory infections during the last three decades. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1028525.
4. Gardoki-Souto I, Martín de la Torre O, Hogg B, Redolar-Ripoll D, Martínez Sadurní L, Fontana-McNally M, et al. The study protocol of a double-blind randomized controlled trial of EMDR and multifocal transcranial current stimulation (MtCS) as augmentation strategy in patients with fibromyalgia. Trials. 2024;25(1):856.
5. Vučina T. EMDR Treatment of Phobia of Thirteen Years Old Girl - Case Study. Psychiatr Danub. 2021;33(Suppl 1):46-8.
6. Perri RL, Castelli P, La Rosa C, Zucchi T, Onofri A. COVID-19, Isolation, Quarantine: On the Efficacy of Internet-Based Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Ongoing Trauma. Brain Sci. 2021;11(5).
7. Shahnavazi A, Delshad A, Basiri Moghaddam M, Tavakolizadeh J. Effectiveness of eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing on Anxiety in children with Thalassemia. Iranian journal of Psychiatric nursing. 2016;4(1):11-7.
8. Bohensky M, Johnson AT, Vossoughi J. Effect of induced anxiety on respiratory resistance using virtual reality simulation. Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases. 2017;7(2):68-82.
9. Chen Q, Tan KS, Liu J, Ong HH, Zhou S, Huang H, et al. Host Antiviral Response Suppresses Ciliogenesis and Motile Ciliary Functions in the Nasal Epithelium. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:581340.
10. Wang D, Li H, Liu Y, Li H, Liu Y, Hou L. The impact of inflammatory response on psychological status of medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2025;38(1):3.
11. Isdianto A, Al Indunissy N, Fitrianti N. The impact of mental health disorders on physical disease risks: A comprehensive review. Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO). 2025;2(2):1572-87.
12. Bohmwald K, Diethelm-Varela B, Rodríguez-Guilarte L, Rivera T, Riedel CA, González PA, et al. Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1341600.
13. Benjenk I, Chen J. Effective mental health interventions to reduce hospital readmission rates: a systematic review. J Hosp Manag Health Policy. 2018;2.
14. Șerban M, Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA. The Redox Revolution in Brain Medicine: Targeting Oxidative Stress with AI, Multi-Omics and Mitochondrial Therapies for the Precision Eradication of Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(15).
15. McClung T. Safety concerns associated with the use of benzodiazepines during MRI. Nursing. 2024;54(12):41-3.
16. De Biasio JC, Mittel AM, Mueller AL, Ferrante LE, Kim DH, Shaefi S. Frailty in Critical Care Medicine: A Review. Anesth Analg. 2020;130(6):1462-73.
17. Gideon A, Sauter C, Pruessner JC, Farine DR, Wirtz PH. Determinants and Mechanisms of the Renin-Aldosterone Stress Response. Psychosom Med. 2022;84(1):50-63.
18. Wippich A, Howatson G, Allen-Baker G, Farrell D, Kiernan M, Scott-Bell A. Eye movement desensitization reprocessing as a treatment for PTSD in conflict-affected areas. Psychol Trauma. 2024;16(Suppl 3):S561-s7.
19. de Jongh A, de Roos C, El-Leithy S. State of the science: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. J Trauma Stress. 2024;37(2):205-16.
20. Shapiro F. The role of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in medicine: addressing the psychological and physical symptoms stemming from adverse life experiences. Perm J. 2014;18(1):71-7.
21. Scelles C, Bulnes LC. EMDR as Treatment Option for Conditions Other Than PTSD: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2021;12:644369.
22. Zheng S, Shen Y, Geng F, Ye M, Song S, Wang R, et al. Effects of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing on depressive symptoms, stress and rumination in adolescents with depression: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025;16(1):2488558.
23. Eriksson AM. Treatment Strategies for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PQDT-Global. 2024.
24. Goudarzzadeh S, Shekarabi S, Abdi M. Functional movement disorder similar to Parkinson's disease: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2024;18(1):453.
25. Nadig N, Bhimraj A, Cawcutt K, Chiotos K, Dzierba AL, Kim AY, Martin GS, Pearson JC, Shumaker AH, Baden LR, Bedimo R, Cheng VC, Chew KW, Daar ES, Glidden DV, Hardy EJ, Johnson S, Li JZ, MacBrayne C, Nakamura MM, Riley L, Shafer RW, Shoham S, Tebas P, Tien PC, Loveless J, Falck-Ytter Y, Morgan RL, Gandhi RT. 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on the Treatment and Management of COVID-19: Vilobelimab. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 16;81(Suppl 3):i13-i16. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf235. .
26. Alhazzani W, Møller MH, Arabi YM, Loeb M, Gong MN, Fan E, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(5):854-87.
27. Alhazzani W, Parhar KKS, Weatherald J, Al Duhailib Z, Alshahrani M, Al-Fares A, et al. Effect of Awake Prone Positioning on Endotracheal Intubation in Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Jama. 2022;327(21):2104-13.
28. Matza LS, Morlock R, Sexton C, Malley K, Feltner D. Identifying HAM-A cutoffs for mild, moderate, and severe generalized anxiety disorder. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2010;19(4):223-32.
29. Tabatabaeichehr M, Mortazavi H. The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy in the Management of Labor Pain and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020;30(3):449-58.
30. Rahimi F, Heravi-Karimooi N, Tadrisi S. Effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on stress in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Iran J Nurs Res. 2016;11(5):1-6.
31. Sella E, Carbone E, Toffalini E, Borella E. Personality traits and sleep quality: The role of sleep-related beliefs. Pers Individ Dif. 2020;156:109770.
32. Yunitri N, Kao CC, Chu H, Voss J, Chiu HL, Liu D, et al. The effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing toward anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;123:102-13.
33. Chen YR, Hung KW, Tsai JC, Chu H, Chung MH, Chen SR, et al. Efficacy of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for patients with posttraumatic-stress disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e103676.
34. Hallit S, Haddad C, Hallit R, Akel M, Obeid S, Haddad G, et al. Validation of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale and state trait anxiety inventory a and B in Arabic among the Lebanese population. Clinical epidemiology and global health. 2020;8(4):1104-9.
35. Asghari F, Mohammadi N, Rezazadeh Mehrjoo M. The survey relationship between anxiety and agression with driving psychology. Rahvar. 2015;12:49-61.
36. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193-213.
37. Thompson E. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). Occup Med (Lond). 2015;65(7):601.
38. Savoric T, Aziz S, Ling RR, Antlej K, Arnab S, Subramaniam A. Systematic review: The impact of virtual reality interventions on stress and anxiety in intensive care units. J Crit Care. 2025;90:155164.
39. Damiano RF, Di Santi T, Beach S, Pan PM, Lucchetti AL, Smith FA, et al. Mental health interventions following COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: a systematic review of current recommendations and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Braz J Psychiatry. 2021;43(6):665-78.
40. Valedi S, MoradiBaglooei M, Ranjbaran M, Chegini V, Griffiths MD, Alimoradi Z. The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in reducing anxiety among female university students with primary dysmenorrhea. BMC Psychol. 2022;10(1):50.
41. Hudays A, Gallagher R, Hazazi A, Arishi A, Bahari G. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing versus Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(24).
42. Mooren K, Smit K, Engels Y, Janssen D, Godschalx J. "When I am breathless now, I don't have the fear that's linked to it": a case series on the potential of EMDR to break the dyspnea-anxiety cycle in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):456.
43. De Jongh A, Hafkemeijer L, Hofman S, Slotema K, Hornsveld H. The AIP model as a theoretical framework for the treatment of personality disorders with EMDR therapy. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1331876.
44. Kao C-W, Cheng S-M, Wan F-J, Lin W-S, Chang Y-C. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing improves depressive symptoms, quality of life, and heart rate variability in patients with heart failure. Neuropsychiatry. 2018;8(3):1073-82.
45. Chen MY, Chen TY, Wang YJ, Cheng SM, Lin WS, Wan FJ, et al. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) improves symptoms of anxiety and depression, blood pressure, and heart rate variability in patients with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Health Med. 2025;30(7):1353-72.
46. Mooren K, Smit K, Engels Y, Janssen D, Godschalx J. "When I am breathless now, I don't have the fear that's linked to it": a case series on the potential of EMDR to break the dyspnea-anxiety cycle in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):456.
47. Adhanom Ghebreyesus T. Addressing mental health needs: an integral part of COVID-19 response. World Psychiatry. 2020;19(2):129-30.
48. Zat Çiftçi Z, Delibaş DH, Kaya T, Külcü DG, Sarı A, Nazlıkul H, et al. A randomized controlled trial of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1286118.
49. Scelles C, Bulnes LC. EMDR as Treatment Option for Conditions Other Than PTSD: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2021;12:644369.
50. Rousseau PF, Vallat R, Coste O, Cadis H, Nicolas F, Trousselard M, et al. Sleep parameters improvement in PTSD soldiers after symptoms remission. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8873.
2. Sirota SB, Bender RG, Dominguez R-MV, Movo A, Swetschinski LR, Araki DT, et al. Global burden of lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet Infect Dis. 2026;26(4):343-61.
3. Safiri S, Mahmoodpoor A, Kolahi AA, Nejadghaderi SA, Sullman MJM, Mansournia MA, et al. Global burden of lower respiratory infections during the last three decades. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1028525.
4. Gardoki-Souto I, Martín de la Torre O, Hogg B, Redolar-Ripoll D, Martínez Sadurní L, Fontana-McNally M, et al. The study protocol of a double-blind randomized controlled trial of EMDR and multifocal transcranial current stimulation (MtCS) as augmentation strategy in patients with fibromyalgia. Trials. 2024;25(1):856.
5. Vučina T. EMDR Treatment of Phobia of Thirteen Years Old Girl - Case Study. Psychiatr Danub. 2021;33(Suppl 1):46-8.
6. Perri RL, Castelli P, La Rosa C, Zucchi T, Onofri A. COVID-19, Isolation, Quarantine: On the Efficacy of Internet-Based Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for Ongoing Trauma. Brain Sci. 2021;11(5).
7. Shahnavazi A, Delshad A, Basiri Moghaddam M, Tavakolizadeh J. Effectiveness of eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing on Anxiety in children with Thalassemia. Iranian journal of Psychiatric nursing. 2016;4(1):11-7.
8. Bohensky M, Johnson AT, Vossoughi J. Effect of induced anxiety on respiratory resistance using virtual reality simulation. Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases. 2017;7(2):68-82.
9. Chen Q, Tan KS, Liu J, Ong HH, Zhou S, Huang H, et al. Host Antiviral Response Suppresses Ciliogenesis and Motile Ciliary Functions in the Nasal Epithelium. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:581340.
10. Wang D, Li H, Liu Y, Li H, Liu Y, Hou L. The impact of inflammatory response on psychological status of medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2025;38(1):3.
11. Isdianto A, Al Indunissy N, Fitrianti N. The impact of mental health disorders on physical disease risks: A comprehensive review. Multidisciplinary Indonesian Center Journal (MICJO). 2025;2(2):1572-87.
12. Bohmwald K, Diethelm-Varela B, Rodríguez-Guilarte L, Rivera T, Riedel CA, González PA, et al. Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1341600.
13. Benjenk I, Chen J. Effective mental health interventions to reduce hospital readmission rates: a systematic review. J Hosp Manag Health Policy. 2018;2.
14. Șerban M, Toader C, Covache-Busuioc RA. The Redox Revolution in Brain Medicine: Targeting Oxidative Stress with AI, Multi-Omics and Mitochondrial Therapies for the Precision Eradication of Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26(15).
15. McClung T. Safety concerns associated with the use of benzodiazepines during MRI. Nursing. 2024;54(12):41-3.
16. De Biasio JC, Mittel AM, Mueller AL, Ferrante LE, Kim DH, Shaefi S. Frailty in Critical Care Medicine: A Review. Anesth Analg. 2020;130(6):1462-73.
17. Gideon A, Sauter C, Pruessner JC, Farine DR, Wirtz PH. Determinants and Mechanisms of the Renin-Aldosterone Stress Response. Psychosom Med. 2022;84(1):50-63.
18. Wippich A, Howatson G, Allen-Baker G, Farrell D, Kiernan M, Scott-Bell A. Eye movement desensitization reprocessing as a treatment for PTSD in conflict-affected areas. Psychol Trauma. 2024;16(Suppl 3):S561-s7.
19. de Jongh A, de Roos C, El-Leithy S. State of the science: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. J Trauma Stress. 2024;37(2):205-16.
20. Shapiro F. The role of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in medicine: addressing the psychological and physical symptoms stemming from adverse life experiences. Perm J. 2014;18(1):71-7.
21. Scelles C, Bulnes LC. EMDR as Treatment Option for Conditions Other Than PTSD: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2021;12:644369.
22. Zheng S, Shen Y, Geng F, Ye M, Song S, Wang R, et al. Effects of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing on depressive symptoms, stress and rumination in adolescents with depression: a randomised controlled trial. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025;16(1):2488558.
23. Eriksson AM. Treatment Strategies for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PQDT-Global. 2024.
24. Goudarzzadeh S, Shekarabi S, Abdi M. Functional movement disorder similar to Parkinson's disease: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2024;18(1):453.
25. Nadig N, Bhimraj A, Cawcutt K, Chiotos K, Dzierba AL, Kim AY, Martin GS, Pearson JC, Shumaker AH, Baden LR, Bedimo R, Cheng VC, Chew KW, Daar ES, Glidden DV, Hardy EJ, Johnson S, Li JZ, MacBrayne C, Nakamura MM, Riley L, Shafer RW, Shoham S, Tebas P, Tien PC, Loveless J, Falck-Ytter Y, Morgan RL, Gandhi RT. 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on the Treatment and Management of COVID-19: Vilobelimab. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 16;81(Suppl 3):i13-i16. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf235. .
26. Alhazzani W, Møller MH, Arabi YM, Loeb M, Gong MN, Fan E, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(5):854-87.
27. Alhazzani W, Parhar KKS, Weatherald J, Al Duhailib Z, Alshahrani M, Al-Fares A, et al. Effect of Awake Prone Positioning on Endotracheal Intubation in Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Jama. 2022;327(21):2104-13.
28. Matza LS, Morlock R, Sexton C, Malley K, Feltner D. Identifying HAM-A cutoffs for mild, moderate, and severe generalized anxiety disorder. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2010;19(4):223-32.
29. Tabatabaeichehr M, Mortazavi H. The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy in the Management of Labor Pain and Anxiety: A Systematic Review. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020;30(3):449-58.
30. Rahimi F, Heravi-Karimooi N, Tadrisi S. Effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on stress in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Iran J Nurs Res. 2016;11(5):1-6.
31. Sella E, Carbone E, Toffalini E, Borella E. Personality traits and sleep quality: The role of sleep-related beliefs. Pers Individ Dif. 2020;156:109770.
32. Yunitri N, Kao CC, Chu H, Voss J, Chiu HL, Liu D, et al. The effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing toward anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychiatr Res. 2020;123:102-13.
33. Chen YR, Hung KW, Tsai JC, Chu H, Chung MH, Chen SR, et al. Efficacy of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for patients with posttraumatic-stress disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e103676.
34. Hallit S, Haddad C, Hallit R, Akel M, Obeid S, Haddad G, et al. Validation of the Hamilton anxiety rating scale and state trait anxiety inventory a and B in Arabic among the Lebanese population. Clinical epidemiology and global health. 2020;8(4):1104-9.
35. Asghari F, Mohammadi N, Rezazadeh Mehrjoo M. The survey relationship between anxiety and agression with driving psychology. Rahvar. 2015;12:49-61.
36. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28(2):193-213.
37. Thompson E. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). Occup Med (Lond). 2015;65(7):601.
38. Savoric T, Aziz S, Ling RR, Antlej K, Arnab S, Subramaniam A. Systematic review: The impact of virtual reality interventions on stress and anxiety in intensive care units. J Crit Care. 2025;90:155164.
39. Damiano RF, Di Santi T, Beach S, Pan PM, Lucchetti AL, Smith FA, et al. Mental health interventions following COVID-19 and other coronavirus infections: a systematic review of current recommendations and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Braz J Psychiatry. 2021;43(6):665-78.
40. Valedi S, MoradiBaglooei M, Ranjbaran M, Chegini V, Griffiths MD, Alimoradi Z. The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in reducing anxiety among female university students with primary dysmenorrhea. BMC Psychol. 2022;10(1):50.
41. Hudays A, Gallagher R, Hazazi A, Arishi A, Bahari G. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing versus Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(24).
42. Mooren K, Smit K, Engels Y, Janssen D, Godschalx J. "When I am breathless now, I don't have the fear that's linked to it": a case series on the potential of EMDR to break the dyspnea-anxiety cycle in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):456.
43. De Jongh A, Hafkemeijer L, Hofman S, Slotema K, Hornsveld H. The AIP model as a theoretical framework for the treatment of personality disorders with EMDR therapy. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1331876.
44. Kao C-W, Cheng S-M, Wan F-J, Lin W-S, Chang Y-C. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing improves depressive symptoms, quality of life, and heart rate variability in patients with heart failure. Neuropsychiatry. 2018;8(3):1073-82.
45. Chen MY, Chen TY, Wang YJ, Cheng SM, Lin WS, Wan FJ, et al. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) improves symptoms of anxiety and depression, blood pressure, and heart rate variability in patients with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Health Med. 2025;30(7):1353-72.
46. Mooren K, Smit K, Engels Y, Janssen D, Godschalx J. "When I am breathless now, I don't have the fear that's linked to it": a case series on the potential of EMDR to break the dyspnea-anxiety cycle in COPD. BMC Pulm Med. 2022;22(1):456.
47. Adhanom Ghebreyesus T. Addressing mental health needs: an integral part of COVID-19 response. World Psychiatry. 2020;19(2):129-30.
48. Zat Çiftçi Z, Delibaş DH, Kaya T, Külcü DG, Sarı A, Nazlıkul H, et al. A randomized controlled trial of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy in the treatment of fibromyalgia. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1286118.
49. Scelles C, Bulnes LC. EMDR as Treatment Option for Conditions Other Than PTSD: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2021;12:644369.
50. Rousseau PF, Vallat R, Coste O, Cadis H, Nicolas F, Trousselard M, et al. Sleep parameters improvement in PTSD soldiers after symptoms remission. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8873.
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| Anxiety Respiratory Tract Infections Hemodynamics Psychophysiology Sleep Quality | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Abbasi M, Darvishi M, Abazari A, Saeedinejad Z, Saeedi SP, Faghihi SH, Haghgoo A. Mind-Body Benefits of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in Acute Respiratory Infections: A Randomized Clinical Study of Psychophysiological Outcomes. Iran J Psychiatry. 2026;:1-15.
